PHP

How to setup PHP FPM on demand child workers in PHP 7.x to increase website traffic

February 26, 2018 by Simon 1 Comment

This blog post will show you how to setup PHP FPM on-demand child workers in PHP 7.x to increase website traffic.

My blog was experiencing a number of slow page loads and often running “sudo service php7.0-fpm restart” would resolve the problem. I have blogged before about setting up Ubuntu Servers on AWS, Digital Ocean and Vultr but this post is about debugging and speeding up PHP on Ubuntu self-managed servers.

Background

I tried the normal tweaks in “/etc/php/7.0/fpm/php.ini” like

memory_limit = 512M

1	memory_limit = 512M

I setup servers like this.

Temporary Fix

I had even set up a temporary NGINX and php7.0-fpm restart ever 5 and 1-minute respectively until I had time to look into this.

*/5 * * * * /etc/init.d/nginx restart
* * * * * sudo service php7.0-fpm restart

1 2	/5 * * * /etc/init.d/nginx restart * * * * * sudo service php7.0-fpm restart

Debug

I checked out the PHP7.0-fpm.log and I found the following

[25-Feb-2018 16:35:35] WARNING: [pool www] server reached pm.max_children setting (5), consider raising it
[25-Feb-2018 17:02:26] WARNING: [pool www] server reached pm.max_children setting (5), consider raising it
[25-Feb-2018 17:51:09] WARNING: [pool www] server reached pm.max_children setting (5), consider raising it
[25-Feb-2018 18:18:51] WARNING: [pool www] server reached pm.max_children setting (5), consider raising it
[25-Feb-2018 20:58:12] WARNING: [pool www] server reached pm.max_children setting (5), consider raising it
[25-Feb-2018 21:02:57] WARNING: [pool www] server reached pm.max_children setting (5), consider raising it
[25-Feb-2018 21:30:58] WARNING: [pool www] server reached pm.max_children setting (5), consider raising it
[25-Feb-2018 21:35:10] WARNING: [pool www] server reached pm.max_children setting (5), consider raising it
[25-Feb-2018 23:36:28] WARNING: [pool www] server reached pm.max_children setting (5), consider raising it

[25-Feb-2018 16:35:35] WARNING: [pool www] server reached pm.max_children setting (5), consider raising it

[25-Feb-2018 17:02:26] WARNING: [pool www] server reached pm.max_children setting (5), consider raising it

[25-Feb-2018 17:51:09] WARNING: [pool www] server reached pm.max_children setting (5), consider raising it

[25-Feb-2018 18:18:51] WARNING: [pool www] server reached pm.max_children setting (5), consider raising it

[25-Feb-2018 20:58:12] WARNING: [pool www] server reached pm.max_children setting (5), consider raising it

[25-Feb-2018 21:02:57] WARNING: [pool www] server reached pm.max_children setting (5), consider raising it

[25-Feb-2018 21:30:58] WARNING: [pool www] server reached pm.max_children setting (5), consider raising it

[25-Feb-2018 21:35:10] WARNING: [pool www] server reached pm.max_children setting (5), consider raising it

[25-Feb-2018 23:36:28] WARNING: [pool www] server reached pm.max_children setting (5), consider raising it

Setting up a PHP-FPM pool

Read the official guide here on configuring PHP FPM pools etc.

I edited “/etc/php/7.0/fpm/pool.d/www.conf” and added the following to set up a pool of PHP-FPM servers.

; Note: This value is mandatory.
pm = dynamic

; The number ocf child processes to be created when pm is set to 'static' and the
; maximum number of child processes when pm is set to 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'.
; This value sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be
; served. Equivalent to the ApacheMaxClients directive with mpm_prefork.
; Equivalent to the PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment variable in the original PHP
; CGI. The below defaults are based on a server without much resources. Don't
; forget to tweak pm.* to fit your needs.
; Note: Used when pm is set to 'static', 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'
; Note: This value is mandatory.
pm.max_children = 40

; The number of child processes created on startup.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Default Value: min_spare_servers + (max_spare_servers - min_spare_servers) / 2
pm.start_servers = 10

; The desired minimum number of idle server processes.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
pm.min_spare_servers = 5

; The number of seconds after which an idle process will be killed.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'ondemand'
; Default Value: 10s
pm.process_idle_timeout = 30s;

; The number of requests each child process should execute before respawning.
; This can be useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries. For
; endless request processing specify '0'. Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS.
; Default Value: 0
pm.max_requests = 250

; Note: This value is mandatory.

pm = dynamic

; The number ocf child processes to be created when pm is set to 'static' and the

; maximum number of child processes when pm is set to 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'.

; This value sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be

; served. Equivalent to the ApacheMaxClients directive with mpm_prefork.

; Equivalent to the PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment variable in the original PHP

; CGI. The below defaults are based on a server without much resources. Don't

; forget to tweak pm.* to fit your needs.

; Note: Used when pm is set to 'static', 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'

; Note: This value is mandatory.

pm.max_children = 40

; The number of child processes created on startup.

; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'

; Default Value: min_spare_servers + (max_spare_servers - min_spare_servers) / 2

pm.start_servers = 10

; The desired minimum number of idle server processes.

; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'

; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'

pm.min_spare_servers = 5

; The number of seconds after which an idle process will be killed.

; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'ondemand'

; Default Value: 10s

pm.process_idle_timeout = 30s;

; The number of requests each child process should execute before respawning.

; This can be useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries. For

; endless request processing specify '0'. Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS.

; Default Value: 0

pm.max_requests = 250

You may need more or fewer child processes depending on your needs and free memory.

After editing the PHP-FPM config file restart PHP-FPM

sudo service php7.0-fpm restart

1	sudo service php7.0-fpm restart

Restart Nginx

sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart

1	sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart

You will be able to view the PHP child process status by typing the following

service php7.0-fpm status
● php7.0-fpm.service - The PHP 7.0 FastCGI Process Manager
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/php7.0-fpm.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2018-02-26 00:33:17 AEDT; 5min ago
     Docs: man:php-fpm7.0(8)
 Main PID: 1284 (php-fpm7.0)
   Status: "Processes active: 0, idle: 10, Requests: 56, slow: 0, Traffic: 0.2req/sec"
    Tasks: 11
   Memory: 330.1M
      CPU: 39.558s
   CGroup: /system.slice/php7.0-fpm.service
           ├─1284 php-fpm: master process (/etc/php/7.0/fpm/php-fpm.conf)
           ├─1503 php-fpm: pool www
           ├─1504 php-fpm: pool www
           ├─1505 php-fpm: pool www
           ├─1506 php-fpm: pool www
           ├─1507 php-fpm: pool www
           ├─1508 php-fpm: pool www
           ├─1509 php-fpm: pool www
           ├─1511 php-fpm: pool www
           ├─1512 php-fpm: pool www
           └─1513 php-fpm: pool www

Feb 25 10:33:16 servername systemd[1]: Starting The PHP 7.0 FastCGI Process Manager...
Feb 25 10:33:17 servername systemd[1]: Started The PHP 7.0 FastCGI Process Manager.

service php7.0-fpm status

● php7.0-fpm.service - The PHP 7.0 FastCGI Process Manager

Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/php7.0-fpm.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)

Active: active (running) since Mon 2018-02-26 00:33:17 AEDT; 5min ago

Docs: man:php-fpm7.0(8)

Main PID: 1284 (php-fpm7.0)

Status: "Processes active: 0, idle: 10, Requests: 56, slow: 0, Traffic: 0.2req/sec"

Tasks: 11

Memory: 330.1M

CPU: 39.558s

CGroup: /system.slice/php7.0-fpm.service

├─1284 php-fpm: master process (/etc/php/7.0/fpm/php-fpm.conf)

├─1503 php-fpm: pool www

├─1504 php-fpm: pool www

├─1505 php-fpm: pool www

├─1506 php-fpm: pool www

├─1507 php-fpm: pool www

├─1508 php-fpm: pool www

├─1509 php-fpm: pool www

├─1511 php-fpm: pool www

├─1512 php-fpm: pool www

└─1513 php-fpm: pool www

Feb 25 10:33:16 servername systemd[1]: Starting The PHP 7.0 FastCGI Process Manager...

Feb 25 10:33:17 servername systemd[1]: Started The PHP 7.0 FastCGI Process Manager.

You can use htop (commands here) to see child PHP processes in the pool and to verify free memory.

This command is good for watching free memory on a server

watch -n 1 'free -m'

1	watch -n 1 'free -m'

I prefer to use up free memory (if available) and leave about 100mb free.

Every 1.0s: free -m                                                                                                            Mon Feb 26 00:47:55 2018

              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:            992         518         120          40         353         280
Swap:             0           0           0

Every 1.0s: free -m Mon Feb 26 00:47:55 2018

total used free shared buff/cache available

Mem: 992 518 120 40 353 280

Swap: 0 0 0

Hope this helps someone.

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Revision History

v1.0 Initial Post

Updating PHP 7.0 to 7.1 on an Ubuntu 16.04 Vultr VM

November 21, 2017 by Simon 3 Comments

Here is how you can quickly update PHP 7.0 to 7.1 on a Vultr Ubuntu domain.

I have configured a number of Vultr domains with NGINX and PHP 7.1 FPM and today I realised I need to update PHP 7.0 to 7.1 to fix a few security exploits (read more here and here on securing Ubuntu in the cloud). PHP has a good page where you can keep up to date with PHP news here https://secure.php.net/. You can also view the PHP bug tracker to view bugs here. PHP aggregation user @php_net on twitter is good to follow, the official PHP twitter account is @official_php.

I have not noticed in daily Ubuntu package updates no option to update PHP 7.0 to 7.1, I must have to update manually.

WARNING: Backup your site and test this on a non production server before doing it on a live server. I had an issue with PHP 7.1 breaking WordPress 3.9 (mysql issues with some plugins) and I had to roll back to 7.0 (see rollback tips in troubleshooting below). WordPress says it is PHP 7.1 compatible but issues exist. WordPress 3.9 ditches “mysql” and used “mysqli” and when instead PHP 7.1 WordPress could not find “mysqli”?

List packages with updates

sudo /usr/lib/update-notifier/apt-check -p
linux-libc-dev
python3-apport
python3-problem-report

sudo /usr/lib/update-notifier/apt-check -p

linux-libc-dev

python3-apport

python3-problem-report

You can run the following to view upgradable packages (TIP: Backup NGINX and other configuration files before any upgrades).

apt list --upgradable
Listing... Done
apport/xenial-updates,xenial-updates,xenial-security,xenial-security 2.20.1-0ubuntu2.13 all [upgradable from: 2.20.1-0ubuntu2.12]
linux-generic/xenial-updates,xenial-security 4.4.0.101.106 amd64 [upgradable from: 4.4.0.87.93]
linux-headers-generic/xenial-updates,xenial-security 4.4.0.101.106 amd64 [upgradable from: 4.4.0.87.93]
linux-image-generic/xenial-updates,xenial-security 4.4.0.101.106 amd64 [upgradable from: 4.4.0.87.93]
linux-libc-dev/xenial-updates,xenial-security 4.4.0-101.124 amd64 [upgradable from: 4.4.0-98.121]
nginx/xenial,xenial 1.13.6-2chl1~xenial1 all [upgradable from: 1.13.3-1chl1~xenial1]
nginx-common/xenial,xenial 1.13.6-2chl1~xenial1 all [upgradable from: 1.13.3-1chl1~xenial1]
nginx-core/xenial 1.13.4-1chl1~xenial1 amd64 [upgradable from: 1.13.3-1chl1~xenial1]
procmail/xenial-updates,xenial-security 3.22-25ubuntu0.16.04.1 amd64 [upgradable from: 3.22-25]
python-cryptography/xenial 1.9-1+ubuntu16.04.1+certbot+2 amd64 [upgradable from: 1.7.1-2+certbot~xenial+1]
python-openssl/xenial,xenial 17.3.0-1~0+ubuntu16.04.1+certbot+1 all [upgradable from: 17.0.0-0+certbot~xenial+1]
python-requests/xenial,xenial 2.18.1-1+ubuntu16.04.1+certbot+1 all [upgradable from: 2.12.4-1+certbot~xenial+1]
python-urllib3/xenial,xenial 1.21.1-1+ubuntu16.04.1+certbot+1 all [upgradable from: 1.19.1-1+certbot~xenial+1]
python3-apport/xenial-updates,xenial-updates,xenial-security,xenial-security 2.20.1-0ubuntu2.13 all [upgradable from: 2.20.1-0ubuntu2.12]
python3-problem-report/xenial-updates,xenial-updates,xenial-security,xenial-security 2.20.1-0ubuntu2.13 all [upgradable from: 2.20.1-0ubuntu2.12]
python3-requests/xenial,xenial 2.18.1-1+ubuntu16.04.1+certbot+1 all [upgradable from: 2.12.4-1+certbot~xenial+1]
python3-urllib3/xenial,xenial 1.21.1-1+ubuntu16.04.1+certbot+1 all [upgradable from: 1.19.1-1+certbot~xenial+1]

apt list --upgradable

Listing... Done

apport/xenial-updates,xenial-updates,xenial-security,xenial-security 2.20.1-0ubuntu2.13 all [upgradable from: 2.20.1-0ubuntu2.12]

linux-generic/xenial-updates,xenial-security 4.4.0.101.106 amd64 [upgradable from: 4.4.0.87.93]

linux-headers-generic/xenial-updates,xenial-security 4.4.0.101.106 amd64 [upgradable from: 4.4.0.87.93]

linux-image-generic/xenial-updates,xenial-security 4.4.0.101.106 amd64 [upgradable from: 4.4.0.87.93]

linux-libc-dev/xenial-updates,xenial-security 4.4.0-101.124 amd64 [upgradable from: 4.4.0-98.121]

nginx/xenial,xenial 1.13.6-2chl1~xenial1 all [upgradable from: 1.13.3-1chl1~xenial1]

nginx-common/xenial,xenial 1.13.6-2chl1~xenial1 all [upgradable from: 1.13.3-1chl1~xenial1]

nginx-core/xenial 1.13.4-1chl1~xenial1 amd64 [upgradable from: 1.13.3-1chl1~xenial1]

procmail/xenial-updates,xenial-security 3.22-25ubuntu0.16.04.1 amd64 [upgradable from: 3.22-25]

python-cryptography/xenial 1.9-1+ubuntu16.04.1+certbot+2 amd64 [upgradable from: 1.7.1-2+certbot~xenial+1]

python-openssl/xenial,xenial 17.3.0-1~0+ubuntu16.04.1+certbot+1 all [upgradable from: 17.0.0-0+certbot~xenial+1]

python-requests/xenial,xenial 2.18.1-1+ubuntu16.04.1+certbot+1 all [upgradable from: 2.12.4-1+certbot~xenial+1]

python-urllib3/xenial,xenial 1.21.1-1+ubuntu16.04.1+certbot+1 all [upgradable from: 1.19.1-1+certbot~xenial+1]

python3-apport/xenial-updates,xenial-updates,xenial-security,xenial-security 2.20.1-0ubuntu2.13 all [upgradable from: 2.20.1-0ubuntu2.12]

python3-problem-report/xenial-updates,xenial-updates,xenial-security,xenial-security 2.20.1-0ubuntu2.13 all [upgradable from: 2.20.1-0ubuntu2.12]

python3-requests/xenial,xenial 2.18.1-1+ubuntu16.04.1+certbot+1 all [upgradable from: 2.12.4-1+certbot~xenial+1]

python3-urllib3/xenial,xenial 1.21.1-1+ubuntu16.04.1+certbot+1 all [upgradable from: 1.19.1-1+certbot~xenial+1]

Update your server packages

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

1	sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

Reboot

sudo shutdown -r now

1	sudo shutdown -r now

You should now see this on startup

0 packages can be updated.
0 updates are security updates.

1 2	0 packages can be updated. 0 updates are security updates.

You can view your installed PHP configuration file and installed version by typing to following in your servers command line.

# locate php.ini
/etc/php/7.0/apache2/php.ini
/etc/php/7.0/cli/php.ini
/etc/php/7.0/fpm/php.ini

# locate php.ini

/etc/php/7.0/apache2/php.ini

/etc/php/7.0/cli/php.ini

/etc/php/7.0/fpm/php.ini

Now let’s install a package viewer

sudo apt-get install apt-show-versions

1	sudo apt-get install apt-show-versions

Search installed packages (or non-installed) PHP packages.

sudo apt-show-versions | grep php | more

libapache2-mod-php7.0:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
libapache2-mod-php7.0:i386 not installed
php-common:all/xenial 1:55+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php-xdebug:amd64/xenial 2.5.5-3+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php-xdebug:i386 not installed
php7.0:all/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.0-cli:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.0-cli:i386 not installed
php7.0-common:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.0-common:i386 not installed
php7.0-curl:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.0-curl:i386 not installed
php7.0-dev:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.0-dev:i386 not installed
php7.0-fpm:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.0-fpm:i386 not installed
php7.0-gd:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.0-gd:i386 not installed
php7.0-imap:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.0-imap:i386 not installed
php7.0-intl:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.0-intl:i386 not installed
php7.0-json:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.0-json:i386 not installed
php7.0-ldap:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.0-ldap:i386 not installed
php7.0-mbstring:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.0-mbstring:i386 not installed
php7.0-mysql:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.0-mysql:i386 not installed
php7.0-opcache:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.0-opcache:i386 not installed
php7.0-pgsql:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.0-pgsql:i386 not installed
php7.0-phpdbg:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.0-phpdbg:i386 not installed
php7.0-pspell:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.0-pspell:i386 not installed
php7.0-readline:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.0-readline:i386 not installed
php7.0-recode:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.0-recode:i386 not installed
php7.0-snmp:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.0-snmp:i386 not installed
php7.0-tidy:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.0-tidy:i386 not installed
php7.0-xml:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.0-xml:i386 not installed
php7.0-zip:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.0-zip:i386 not installed

sudo apt-show-versions | grep php | more

libapache2-mod-php7.0:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

libapache2-mod-php7.0:i386 not installed

php-common:all/xenial 1:55+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php-xdebug:amd64/xenial 2.5.5-3+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php-xdebug:i386 not installed

php7.0:all/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.0-cli:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.0-cli:i386 not installed

php7.0-common:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.0-common:i386 not installed

php7.0-curl:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.0-curl:i386 not installed

php7.0-dev:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.0-dev:i386 not installed

php7.0-fpm:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.0-fpm:i386 not installed

php7.0-gd:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.0-gd:i386 not installed

php7.0-imap:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.0-imap:i386 not installed

php7.0-intl:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.0-intl:i386 not installed

php7.0-json:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.0-json:i386 not installed

php7.0-ldap:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.0-ldap:i386 not installed

php7.0-mbstring:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.0-mbstring:i386 not installed

php7.0-mysql:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.0-mysql:i386 not installed

php7.0-opcache:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.0-opcache:i386 not installed

php7.0-pgsql:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.0-pgsql:i386 not installed

php7.0-phpdbg:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.0-phpdbg:i386 not installed

php7.0-pspell:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.0-pspell:i386 not installed

php7.0-readline:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.0-readline:i386 not installed

php7.0-recode:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.0-recode:i386 not installed

php7.0-snmp:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.0-snmp:i386 not installed

php7.0-tidy:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.0-tidy:i386 not installed

php7.0-xml:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.0-xml:i386 not installed

php7.0-zip:amd64/xenial 7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.0-zip:i386 not installed

Uninstall all local PHP related packages

sudo apt-get remove php* 
...
After this operation, 35.7 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
(Reading database ... 139182 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing php7.0 (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php-xdebug (2.5.5-3+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing libapache2-mod-php7.0 (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php7.0-zip (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php7.0-xml (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php7.0-mbstring (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php7.0-dev (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php7.0-fpm (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php7.0-curl (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php7.0-gd (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php7.0-imap (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php7.0-intl (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php7.0-phpdbg (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php7.0-ldap (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php7.0-mysql (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php7.0-pgsql (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php7.0-pspell (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php7.0-recode (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php7.0-snmp (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php7.0-tidy (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php7.0-cli (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php7.0-json (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php7.0-opcache (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php7.0-readline (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php7.0-common (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Removing php-common (1:55+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ...

sudo apt-get remove php*

...

After this operation, 35.7 MB disk space will be freed.

Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y

(Reading database ... 139182 files and directories currently installed.)

Removing php7.0 (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php-xdebug (2.5.5-3+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing libapache2-mod-php7.0 (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php7.0-zip (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php7.0-xml (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php7.0-mbstring (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php7.0-dev (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php7.0-fpm (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php7.0-curl (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php7.0-gd (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php7.0-imap (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php7.0-intl (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php7.0-phpdbg (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php7.0-ldap (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php7.0-mysql (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php7.0-pgsql (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php7.0-pspell (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php7.0-recode (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php7.0-snmp (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php7.0-tidy (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php7.0-cli (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php7.0-json (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php7.0-opcache (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php7.0-readline (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php7.0-common (7.0.25-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Removing php-common (1:55+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...

Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ...

Confirm packages are uninstalled

sudo apt-show-versions | grep php
>

1 2	sudo apt-show-versions \| grep php >

Install PHP 7.1 and common packages

sudo apt-get install php7.1 php7.1-cli php7.1-common libapache2-mod-php7.1 php7.1-mysql php7.1-fpm php7.1-curl php7.1-gd php7.1-bz2 php7.1-mcrypt php7.1-json php7.1-tidy php7.1-mbstring php-redis php-memcached

1	sudo apt-get install php7.1 php7.1-cli php7.1-common libapache2-mod-php7.1 php7.1-mysql php7.1-fpm php7.1-curl php7.1-gd php7.1-bz2 php7.1-mcrypt php7.1-json php7.1-tidy php7.1-mbstring php-redis php-memcached

Verify PHP 7.1 installation

apt-show-versions | grep php
libapache2-mod-php7.1:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
libapache2-mod-php7.1:i386 not installed
php-common:all/xenial 1:55+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php-igbinary:amd64/xenial 2.0.1-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+2 uptodate
php-igbinary:i386 not installed
php-memcached:amd64/xenial 3.0.3+2.2.0-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+3 uptodate
php-memcached:i386 not installed
php-msgpack:amd64/xenial 2.0.2+0.5.7-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+3 uptodate
php-msgpack:i386 not installed
php-redis:amd64/xenial 3.1.4-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php-redis:i386 not installed
php7.1:all/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.1-bz2:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.1-bz2:i386 not installed
php7.1-cli:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.1-cli:i386 not installed
php7.1-common:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.1-common:i386 not installed
php7.1-curl:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.1-curl:i386 not installed
php7.1-fpm:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.1-fpm:i386 not installed
php7.1-gd:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.1-gd:i386 not installed
php7.1-json:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.1-json:i386 not installed
php7.1-mbstring:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.1-mbstring:i386 not installed
php7.1-mcrypt:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.1-mcrypt:i386 not installed
php7.1-mysql:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.1-mysql:i386 not installed
php7.1-opcache:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.1-opcache:i386 not installed
php7.1-readline:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.1-readline:i386 not installed
php7.1-tidy:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate
php7.1-tidy:i386 not installed

apt-show-versions | grep php

libapache2-mod-php7.1:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

libapache2-mod-php7.1:i386 not installed

php-common:all/xenial 1:55+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php-igbinary:amd64/xenial 2.0.1-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+2 uptodate

php-igbinary:i386 not installed

php-memcached:amd64/xenial 3.0.3+2.2.0-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+3 uptodate

php-memcached:i386 not installed

php-msgpack:amd64/xenial 2.0.2+0.5.7-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+3 uptodate

php-msgpack:i386 not installed

php-redis:amd64/xenial 3.1.4-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php-redis:i386 not installed

php7.1:all/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.1-bz2:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.1-bz2:i386 not installed

php7.1-cli:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.1-cli:i386 not installed

php7.1-common:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.1-common:i386 not installed

php7.1-curl:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.1-curl:i386 not installed

php7.1-fpm:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.1-fpm:i386 not installed

php7.1-gd:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.1-gd:i386 not installed

php7.1-json:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.1-json:i386 not installed

php7.1-mbstring:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.1-mbstring:i386 not installed

php7.1-mcrypt:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.1-mcrypt:i386 not installed

php7.1-mysql:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.1-mysql:i386 not installed

php7.1-opcache:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.1-opcache:i386 not installed

php7.1-readline:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.1-readline:i386 not installed

php7.1-tidy:amd64/xenial 7.1.11-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 uptodate

php7.1-tidy:i386 not installed

Reboot

sudo shutdown -r now

1	sudo shutdown -r now

See if the PHP 7.1 FPM service has started

sudo systemctl | grep php
> php7.1-fpm.service

1 2	sudo systemctl \| grep php > php7.1-fpm.service

Restart PHP 7.1 FPM Service

sudo systemctl restart php7.1-fpm.service

1	sudo systemctl restart php7.1-fpm.service

Edit your /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default and change the fastcgi_pass from “7.0” to “7.1”

sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default

1	sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default

Edits:

location ~ \.php$ {
    ...
    fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.1-fpm.sock;
    ...
}

location ~ \.php$ {

...

fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.1-fpm.sock;

...

}

Reload NGINX configuration and restart NGINX

sudo nginx -t && sudo nginx -s reload && sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
[ ok ] Restarting nginx (via systemctl): nginx.service.

sudo nginx -t && sudo nginx -s reload && sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart

nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok

nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

[ ok ] Restarting nginx (via systemctl): nginx.service.

Your website should now be back up and running PHP 7.1

Post Install Tasks

View this blog post on other useful linux commands.

Run a Lynis security scan.

Edit your PHP.ini file and add required changes (e.g upload sizes).

sudo nano /etc/php/7.1/fpm/php.ini
# upload_max_filesize = 2M
+ upload_max_filesize = 8M

sudo nano /etc/php/7.1/fpm/php.ini

# upload_max_filesize = 2M

+ upload_max_filesize = 8M

Troubleshooting

View PHP configuration values (add this to a debug.php and load in in a browser)

<?php

// Show all information, defaults to INFO_ALL
phpinfo();

// Show just the module information.
// phpinfo(8) yields identical results.
phpinfo(INFO_MODULES);

?>

<?php

// Show all information, defaults to INFO_ALL

phpinfo();

// Show just the module information.

// phpinfo(8) yields identical results.

phpinfo(INFO_MODULES);

I broke my WordPress 3.9 when I tried to update to PHP 7.1 so I rolled back to 7.0.

sudo apt-get remove php*
sudo apt-get -y install php7.0-fpm
sudo apt-get -y install php7.0-mysql php7.0-curl php7.0-gd php7.0-intl php-pear php-imagick php7.0-imap php7.0-mcrypt php-memcache  php7.0-pspell php7.0-recode php7.0-sqlite3 php7.0-tidy php7.0-xmlrpc php7.0-xsl php7.0-mbstring php-gettext
service php7.0-fpm reload

sudo apt-get remove php*

sudo apt-get -y install php7.0-fpm

sudo apt-get -y install php7.0-mysql php7.0-curl php7.0-gd php7.0-intl php-pear php-imagick php7.0-imap php7.0-mcrypt php-memcache php7.0-pspell php7.0-recode php7.0-sqlite3 php7.0-tidy php7.0-xmlrpc php7.0-xsl php7.0-mbstring php-gettext

service php7.0-fpm reload

Google help had me stuck for a while when I had issues purging php 7.1.

Because my blog (with install steps) was down I used this site to help be find the commands to run.

Conclusion

Sometimes going with cutting edge tech you will go out on a limb, ensure you know and can restore a working site if need be.

Always have a backup and restore plan.

Hope this guide helps.

Donate and make this blog better

Ask a question or recommend an article

v1.35 WordPress 3.9 error with PHP 7.1

PHP 7 code to send object oriented sanitised input data via bound parameters to a MYSQL database

November 1, 2017 by Simon 1 Comment

Sanitising user input is a golden rule with web developing (see https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Input_Validation_Cheat_Sheet ), here is my code snippet to sanitise and parameterise MySQL queries in PHP 7.0.

First, watch and follow @jawache (Asim Hussein) demo how common hacks happen and why you should update and patch software often, sanitise user data and set up a firewall.

I have blogged before on how to set up a Vultr server and configure it, How to secure Ubuntu in the Cloud, How to run an Ubuntu System Audit and Beyond SSL with Content Security Policy, Public Key Pinning etc but a 100% secure server is impossible as zero-day exploits and flaws (e.g WPA WiFi) reminds us how limited technology lifespans can be. Yes, you can setup firewalls on Ubuntu and WordPress but you are only one exploit away from being hacked.Below is my code snippet (in PHP) to sanitise incoming data, query a MySQL database with object-oriented calls in PHP 7.0 and return data in variables. I have set up a firewall to block access to MySQL and non-essential ports (use https://www.shodan.io/ to test your server’s ports). I was using older deprecated PHP 5 era database calls and I researched newer calls available in PHP 7.0.

When you log in to an Ubuntu server and it says the following you should update

89 packages can be updated.
35 updates are security updates.

1 2	89 packages can be updated. 35 updates are security updates.

Also update software, node, npm etc

This code outputs too much information but will help you setup and get data on your servers (as long as you replace your database, table and field names).

<?php
echo "Last modified: " . date ("F d Y H:i:s.", getlastmod()) . "<br /><br />";
date_default_timezone_set('Australia/Sydney');

$dbhost = '127.0.0.1';
$dbusername = 'themysqlaccount';
$dbpassword = 'themysqlpassword';
$dbname = 'thedatabasename';
$con = mysqli_connect($dbhost, $dbusername, $dbpassword, $dbname);

//Debug stuff
//echo var_dump($con);
//printf(" - Error: %s.\n", $stmt->error);

if($con->connect_errno > 0){
    printf(" - Error: %s.\n", $stmt->error);
    die("Error: Unable to connect to MySQL (E001)");
} else {
 echo "Charset set to utf8<br />";
 mysqli_set_charset($con,"utf8");
}

if (!$con) {
    echo "Error: Unable to connect to MySQL (E002)" . PHP_EOL;
    echo "Debugging errno: " . mysqli_connect_errno() . PHP_EOL;
    echo "Debugging error: " . mysqli_connect_error() . PHP_EOL;
    exit;
} else {
    echo "Database Connection OK<br />";

    echo "&nbsp; Success: A proper connection to MySQL was made! The my_db database is great." . PHP_EOL . "<br />";
    echo "&nbsp; &nbsp;- Host information: " . mysqli_get_host_info($con) . PHP_EOL . "<br />";
    echo "&nbsp; &nbsp;- Server Info: '" . mysqli_get_server_info($con) . "'<br />";
    echo "&nbsp; &nbsp;- Server Protocol Info : ". mysqli_get_proto_info($con) . "<br />";
    echo "&nbsp; &nbsp;- Server Version: " . mysqli_get_server_version($con) . "<br />";
    //echo " - Server Connection Stats: " . print_r(mysqli_get_connection_stats($con)) . "<br />";
    echo "&nbsp; &nbsp;- Client Version: " . mysqli_get_client_version($con) . "<br />";
    echo "&nbsp; &nbsp;- Client Info: '" . mysqli_get_client_info() . "'<br />";

echo "Ready to Query the database '$dbname'.<br />";

// Input Var's that are parameterized/bound into the query statement
// I pre fill three vaiables with known fields in my users table
// Goot article in manual sanitization of strings in PHP http://php.net/manual/en/filter.filters.sanitize.php
    $in_username = mysqli_real_escape_string($con, 'FearTec');
    $in_f_guid = mysqli_real_escape_string($con, '5161a571-4a51-468d-9e96-6a5db5d35b1c');
    $in_mobile = mysqli_real_escape_string($con,'0456629533');

// Output Var's that the query fills after querying the database
// These variables will be filled with data from the current returned row
    $out_id = "";
    $out_f_guid = "";
    $out_username = "";
    $out_mobile = "";

echo "1. About to query the database: '$dbname'<br />";
$stmt = mysqli_stmt_init($con);
if (mysqli_stmt_prepare($stmt,"SELECT id, username, guid, user_mobile FROM thedatabasename WHERE username = ? AND guid = ? AND user_mobile = ?")) {

        echo "2. Query Returned<br />";

        /*
            Type specification chars
            Character   Description
            i   corresponding variable has type integer
            d   corresponding variable has type double
            s   corresponding variable has type string
            b   corresponding variable is a blob and will be sent in packets
        */
        mysqli_stmt_bind_param($stmt, 'sss', $in_username, $in_guid, $in_mobile);

        mysqli_stmt_execute($stmt);

        mysqli_stmt_bind_result($stmt, $out_id, $out_username, $out_guid, $out_mobile);

        mysqli_stmt_fetch($stmt);

        // Do something with the 1st returned row        
        echo " - Row: ID: $out_id, GUID: $out_guid, USR: $out_username, MOB: $out_mobile";//
        // Do we have more rows to process
        while($stmt->fetch()) { 
                // Deal with other rows
                echo " - Row: ID: $out_id, GUID: $out_f_guid, USR: $out_username, MOB: $out_mobile<br />";
        }
        mysqli_stmt_close($stmt);
        
        echo "c<br />";
    }
     else {
        echo "3. Error Querying<br/>";
        printf(" - Error: %s.\n", $stmt->error);
    }

}    

?>

<?php

echo "Last modified: " . date ("F d Y H:i:s.", getlastmod()) . " ";

date_default_timezone_set('Australia/Sydney');

$dbhost = '127.0.0.1';

$dbusername = 'themysqlaccount';

$dbpassword = 'themysqlpassword';

$dbname = 'thedatabasename';

$con = mysqli_connect($dbhost, $dbusername, $dbpassword, $dbname);

//Debug stuff

//echo var_dump($con);

//printf(" - Error: %s.\n", $stmt->error);

if($con->connect_errno > 0){

printf(" - Error: %s.\n", $stmt->error);

die("Error: Unable to connect to MySQL (E001)");

} else {

echo "Charset set to utf8 ";

mysqli_set_charset($con,"utf8");

}

if (!$con) {

echo "Error: Unable to connect to MySQL (E002)" . PHP_EOL;

echo "Debugging errno: " . mysqli_connect_errno() . PHP_EOL;

echo "Debugging error: " . mysqli_connect_error() . PHP_EOL;

exit;

} else {

echo "Database Connection OK ";

echo "  Success: A proper connection to MySQL was made! The my_db database is great." . PHP_EOL . " ";

echo "   - Host information: " . mysqli_get_host_info($con) . PHP_EOL . " ";

echo "   - Server Info: '" . mysqli_get_server_info($con) . "' ";

echo "   - Server Protocol Info : ". mysqli_get_proto_info($con) . " ";

echo "   - Server Version: " . mysqli_get_server_version($con) . " ";

//echo " - Server Connection Stats: " . print_r(mysqli_get_connection_stats($con)) . " ";

echo "   - Client Version: " . mysqli_get_client_version($con) . " ";

echo "   - Client Info: '" . mysqli_get_client_info() . "' ";

echo "Ready to Query the database '$dbname'. ";

// Input Var's that are parameterized/bound into the query statement

// I pre fill three vaiables with known fields in my users table

// Goot article in manual sanitization of strings in PHP http://php.net/manual/en/filter.filters.sanitize.php

$in_username = mysqli_real_escape_string($con, 'FearTec');

$in_f_guid = mysqli_real_escape_string($con, '5161a571-4a51-468d-9e96-6a5db5d35b1c');

$in_mobile = mysqli_real_escape_string($con,'0456629533');

// Output Var's that the query fills after querying the database

// These variables will be filled with data from the current returned row

$out_id = "";

$out_f_guid = "";

$out_username = "";

$out_mobile = "";

echo "1. About to query the database: '$dbname' ";

$stmt = mysqli_stmt_init($con);

if (mysqli_stmt_prepare($stmt,"SELECT id, username, guid, user_mobile FROM thedatabasename WHERE username = ? AND guid = ? AND user_mobile = ?")) {

echo "2. Query Returned ";

Type specification chars

Character Description

i corresponding variable has type integer

d corresponding variable has type double

s corresponding variable has type string

b corresponding variable is a blob and will be sent in packets

mysqli_stmt_bind_param($stmt, 'sss', $in_username, $in_guid, $in_mobile);

mysqli_stmt_execute($stmt);

mysqli_stmt_bind_result($stmt, $out_id, $out_username, $out_guid, $out_mobile);

mysqli_stmt_fetch($stmt);

// Do something with the 1st returned row

echo " - Row: ID: $out_id, GUID: $out_guid, USR: $out_username, MOB: $out_mobile";//

// Do we have more rows to process

while($stmt->fetch()) {

// Deal with other rows

echo " - Row: ID: $out_id, GUID: $out_f_guid, USR: $out_username, MOB: $out_mobile ";

}

mysqli_stmt_close($stmt);

echo "c ";

}

else {

echo "3. Error Querying ";

printf(" - Error: %s.\n", $stmt->error);

}

Returned Data

Last modified: November 01 2017 16:43:01.
Charset set to utf8
Database Connection OK
  Success: A proper connection to MySQL was made! The my_db database is great. 
   - Host information: 127.0.0.1 via TCP/IP 
   - Server Info: '5.7.19-0ubuntu0.16.04.1'
   - Server Protocol Info : 10
   - Server Version: 50719
   - Client Version: 50012
   - Client Info: 'mysqlnd 5.0.12-dev - 20150407 - $Id: b5######################## $'
Ready to Query the database 'thedatabasename'.
1. About to query the database: 'thedatabasename'
2. Query Returned
- Row: ID: 1, GUID: 0000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001, USR: Bob, MOB: 1234567890
- Row: ID: 2, GUID: 0000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000002, USR: Joe, MOB: 1234567891
- Row: ID: 3, GUID: 0000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000003, USR: Jane, MOB: 1234567892

Last modified: November 01 2017 16:43:01.

Charset set to utf8

Database Connection OK

Success: A proper connection to MySQL was made! The my_db database is great.

- Host information: 127.0.0.1 via TCP/IP

- Server Info: '5.7.19-0ubuntu0.16.04.1'

- Server Protocol Info : 10

- Server Version: 50719

- Client Version: 50012

- Client Info: 'mysqlnd 5.0.12-dev - 20150407 - $Id: b5######################## $'

Ready to Query the database 'thedatabasename'.

1. About to query the database: 'thedatabasename'

2. Query Returned

- Row: ID: 1, GUID: 0000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001, USR: Bob, MOB: 1234567890

- Row: ID: 2, GUID: 0000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000002, USR: Joe, MOB: 1234567891

- Row: ID: 3, GUID: 0000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000003, USR: Jane, MOB: 1234567892

Variable Bind Parameter Types

When you bind an incoming variable you can inform MySQL what the data type is expected to be.

mysqli_stmt_bind_param: Type specification chars
Character   Description
i   corresponding variable has type integer
d   corresponding variable has type double
s   corresponding variable has type string
b   corresponding variable is a blob and will be sent in packets

mysqli_stmt_bind_param: Type specification chars

Character Description

i corresponding variable has type integer

d corresponding variable has type double

s corresponding variable has type string

b corresponding variable is a blob and will be sent in packets

Debug Options

Errors Enabled: Turn on PHP Debug Errors On

Turning on errors on production servers is bad but on on development.

First, find php.ini files

locate php.ini
/php.ini.bak
/.c9/metadata/workspace/etc/php/7.0/fpm/php.ini
/etc/php/7.0/apache2/php.ini
/etc/php/7.0/cli/php.ini
/etc/php/7.0/fpm/php.ini
/etc/php/7.0/phpdbg/php.ini
/usr/lib/php/7.0/php.ini-development
/usr/lib/php/7.0/php.ini-production
/usr/lib/php/7.0/php.ini-production.cli

locate php.ini

/php.ini.bak

/.c9/metadata/workspace/etc/php/7.0/fpm/php.ini

/etc/php/7.0/apache2/php.ini

/etc/php/7.0/cli/php.ini

/etc/php/7.0/fpm/php.ini

/etc/php/7.0/phpdbg/php.ini

/usr/lib/php/7.0/php.ini-development

/usr/lib/php/7.0/php.ini-production

/usr/lib/php/7.0/php.ini-production.cli

Edit your appropriate PHP file

sudo nano /etc/php/7.0/fpm/php.ini

1	sudo nano /etc/php/7.0/fpm/php.ini

And turn on Error reporting.

Restart PHP and NGINX

sudo /etc/init.d/php7.0-fpm restart
sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart

1 2	sudo /etc/init.d/php7.0-fpm restart sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart

If you need to view your active php.ini file or see php configuration settings, add this to a .php file on your web server and view it’s contents.

<?php
phpinfo()
?>

<?php

phpinfo()

It is amazing how clear errors can be

Dump Connection Vars: PHP mysqli_connect: var_dump($con)

echo var_dump($con);

1	echo var_dump($con);

Output:

  public 'affected_rows' => int 0
  public 'client_info' => string 'mysqlnd 5.0.12-dev - 20150407 - $Id: b5###############################3 $' (length=79)
  public 'client_version' => int 50012
  public 'connect_errno' => int 0
  public 'connect_error' => null
  public 'errno' => int 0
  public 'error' => string '' (length=0)
  public 'error_list' => 
    array (size=0)
      empty
  public 'field_count' => int 0
  public 'host_info' => string '127.0.0.1 via TCP/IP' (length=20)
  public 'info' => null
  public 'insert_id' => int 0
  public 'server_info' => string '5.7.19-0ubuntu0.16.04.1' (length=23)
  public 'server_version' => int 50719
  public 'stat' => string 'Uptime: 1828089  Threads: 1  Questions: 15702  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 1529  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 1461  Queries per second avg: 0.008' (length=142)
  public 'sqlstate' => string '00000' (length=5)
  public 'protocol_version' => int 10
  public 'thread_id' => int 7367
  public 'warning_count' => int 0

public 'affected_rows' => int 0

public 'client_info' => string 'mysqlnd 5.0.12-dev - 20150407 - $Id: b5###############################3 $' (length=79)

public 'client_version' => int 50012

public 'connect_errno' => int 0

public 'connect_error' => null

public 'errno' => int 0

public 'error' => string '' (length=0)

public 'error_list' =>

array (size=0)

empty

public 'field_count' => int 0

public 'host_info' => string '127.0.0.1 via TCP/IP' (length=20)

public 'info' => null

public 'insert_id' => int 0

public 'server_info' => string '5.7.19-0ubuntu0.16.04.1' (length=23)

public 'server_version' => int 50719

public 'stat' => string 'Uptime: 1828089 Threads: 1 Questions: 15702 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 1529 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 1461 Queries per second avg: 0.008' (length=142)

public 'sqlstate' => string '00000' (length=5)

public 'protocol_version' => int 10

public 'thread_id' => int 7367

public 'warning_count' => int 0

Show Environment Vars: mysqli_get_host_info, mysqli_get_proto_info, mysqli_get_server_version, mysqli_get_client_version and mysqli_get_client_info.

echo "&nbsp; Success: Database connection OK." . PHP_EOL . "<br />";
echo "&nbsp; &nbsp;- Host information: " . mysqli_get_host_info($con) . PHP_EOL . "<br />";
echo "&nbsp; &nbsp;- Server Info: '" . mysqli_get_server_info($con) . "'<br />";
echo "&nbsp; &nbsp;- Server Protocol Info : ". mysqli_get_proto_info($con) . "<br />";
echo "&nbsp; &nbsp;- Server Version: " . mysqli_get_server_version($con) . "<br />";
//echo " - Server Connection Stats: " . print_r(mysqli_get_connection_stats($con)) . "<br />";
echo "&nbsp; &nbsp;- Client Version: " . mysqli_get_client_version($con) . "<br />";
echo "&nbsp; &nbsp;- Client Info: '" . mysqli_get_client_info() . "'<br />";

echo "  Success: Database connection OK." . PHP_EOL . " ";

echo "   - Host information: " . mysqli_get_host_info($con) . PHP_EOL . " ";

echo "   - Server Info: '" . mysqli_get_server_info($con) . "' ";

echo "   - Server Protocol Info : ". mysqli_get_proto_info($con) . " ";

echo "   - Server Version: " . mysqli_get_server_version($con) . " ";

//echo " - Server Connection Stats: " . print_r(mysqli_get_connection_stats($con)) . " ";

echo "   - Client Version: " . mysqli_get_client_version($con) . " ";

echo "   - Client Info: '" . mysqli_get_client_info() . "' ";

Output:

  Success: Database connection OK. 
   - Host information: 127.0.0.1 via TCP/IP 
   - Server Info: '5.7.19-0ubuntu0.16.04.1'
   - Server Protocol Info : 10
   - Server Version: 50719
   - Client Version: 50012
   - Client Info: 'mysqlnd 5.0.12-dev - 20150407 - $Id: b5######################################## $'

Success: Database connection OK.

- Host information: 127.0.0.1 via TCP/IP

- Server Info: '5.7.19-0ubuntu0.16.04.1'

- Server Protocol Info : 10

- Server Version: 50719

- Client Version: 50012

- Client Info: 'mysqlnd 5.0.12-dev - 20150407 - $Id: b5######################################## $'

Show errors in failed if statements: mysqli_stmt_prepare else

printf(" - Error: %s.\n", $stmt->error);

1	printf(" - Error: %s.\n", $stmt->error);

Output:

Error: Table 'thedatabasename.invalidtablename' doesn't exist.

1	Error: Table 'thedatabasename.invalidtablename' doesn't exist.

Debugging is your friend.

More to come..

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