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windows

How to create a Private GitHub repository and access via SSH with TortiseGIT

July 17, 2021 by Simon

Here is a guide on using the GUI TortoiseGIT, GIT for Windows with GitHub.

Creating a GitHub Account

Make sure you have a GitHub account (free is OK)  https://github.com/

GitHub Main Page

Login to GitHub

Github login page

I used my defined hardware Security Key

I used my defined security key

I clicked New Repo

New Repo button

Repo Settings

  • I set Private
  • Added a readme
  • Set .gitignore for Visual Studio files
  • I had no idea what licence to select (read more on licences here)
repo settings as desired

I clicked Create repository

The repo is now ready for files

Creating RSA Keys

Now I will create an SSH key to protect communications with GitHub.

When logged into GitHub, I clicked the SSH and GPG Keys menu

I clicked New SSH Key button

New SSH Key Button

GitHub wants a public SSH Key

Add SSH Key Here

More on Generating SSH Keys

I used this command to generate a public and private SSH key

ssh-keygen -t rsa

Generate key output.

FYI: These Keys have been deleted, they have not been used beyond this demo

A Public and Private key was generated

Public and Private Key in explorer

id_github_test.pub = Public Key

ssh-rsa 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 [email protected]

id_github_test = Private Key

-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----

FYI: These Keys have been deleted, they have not been used beyond this demo

I added the Public Key to GitHub

Pased Public SSH Key

SSH Keys are listed in GitHub

Multiple SSH Keys

I create a different key per repository.

Setup Git Locally

I checked to see if the “git” command was installed on my local machine.

No Git

I will install Git from https://gitforwindows.org/ 

Git for Windows Webpage

I download Git-2.32.0.2-64-bit.exe and started the installer

Installing GIF WIzard

Folder C:\Program Files\Git

Choose a folder

Set Options (e.g I like Check for Daily updates)

GIt Options

Start Menu Folder

Start Menu

Text Editor: I like Sublime Text from https://www.sublimetext.com/3

Set Test Editor

Set an Initial Branch name

Initial Branch Name

Set 3rd party software options

3rd party options

Set HTTPS options

Open SSL

Set Line Endings preferences

Line Ending Preferences

Set Terminal Emulators preferences

Terminal Emulator settings

Set Git Pull default preferences

git pull defaults

Set Credential Manager preferences

git credential preferences

Set Extra Options

Set Options

Experimental Options

Opt out of experimental options

Installing

Installing

First Launch

First launch

Git is installed

Install Tortoise GIt

Visit https://tortoisegit.org/

Tortoiuse git website

Download Gif (64bit)

Download options

I started the installer.

Setup Wizard.

Licence Agreement

Licence Agreement

SSH Type

set ssh type

Components

Componentts

Install

Installing (Wizard)

Install


Language: English

 

English

Shell Extension

Shell Integration

I checked for a known git path.

Git path check

I set my desired git username and email

Default git username

I set desired SSH settings

SSH Settings

Folder for Code Repositories

I create C:\Code\MyTestRepo

C:\Code

Before I can clone a repository I need o set the past to SSH in TortoiseGit.

I right-clicked on C:\Code\MyTestRepo and selected TortiseGit\Settings

TortoiseGit Settings

I expanded the Network Node and set the following as the SSH Client

“C:\Program Files\TortoiseGit\bin\TortoiseGitPLink.exe”

SSH Client Set

I saved the Settings.

Clone a GitHub Repository via git and Tortoise GIT

Now I can clone a repositor to C:\Code\MyTestRepo, 

I right clicked on C:\Code\MyTestRepo in explorer and clicked Git Clone

I added by GIT URL (Obtained from GitHub), I also set the path for the Private Key I created earlier.

Git Clone

I was informed that the key is in the wrong format

Wrong Format Error

I need to convert the RAS Private Key to a Putty PPK Key

Convert an RSA Key to a Putty PPK with PuuttyGen

I opened the Open Putty Gen

https://www.puttygen.com/

I click Load and select the id_github_test private key I created earlier

Load private key

I entered my private key password

Private Key Password.

The private key loaded.

Private Key Loaded

Now I can export the private key to a PPK format

Export as PPK

Clone (with a PPK Private Key)

Getting back to cloning a repository I right-clicked on C:\Code\MyTestRepo

I set the PPK private key

Clone with PPK

I entered the password

Enter password

I accepted the key

Accpet key

The Repository started cloning.

Repository Cloning

Creating a Quick Visual Studio Project

I created a quick Visual Studio project and saved it to C:\Code\MyTestRepo\Hello World

New Visual Studio project

Visual Studio files were visible in C:\Code\MyTestRepo

C:\Code\MyTestRepo

I Commit the new files to the repository (main branch)

Commit

I selected desired files to commit

Commit

Files were added

I right-clicked on C:\Code\MyTestRepo and selected TortoiseGit\Push

Push Dialog

Files are now visible in GitHub

Awesome

Setup on Multiple Machines

I set up Git on multiple machines, cloned, made chances, committed those changes and pushed.  I was able to Sync down those changes to each machine.

Good advice on Using Git

  • Git Guides – git push (github.com)
  • What is git commit, push, pull, log, aliases, fetch, config & clone | by Ameet Prajapati | MindOrks | Medium
  • GitHub 101 — Introduction to GitHub for Newbies | by Arerosuoghene Wisdom | Medium

Happy Coding

Filed Under: Code, Git, GitHub, Uncategorized, Windows Tagged With: git, GitHub, gui, TortoiseGit, windows

Using Acronis True Image 2020 to backup and restore your Windows computer

May 24, 2020 by Simon

This is a lengthy (but simple) guide on how I get files ready for a clean install of Windows, backup and restore Windows (C Drive and associated hidden Windows partitions) using Acronis True Image 2020).

Backup and Restore Windows Prerequisites

  • You will need to buy a licence of Acronis True Image 2020 to..
    • Backup Windows
    • Restore Windows
  • You will need a second hard disk larger than your Windows drive (to backup to).

Backup Rules

  1. Backup to Three Places.
  2. Two of the media need to be different
  3. One of the backups need to be offsite

Even though I use Back blaze software to automate backup of all files on my PC for $6.60 (AUD) a month. I pay an extra $2 (AUD) a month Backblaze will retain all of my files for up to 1 year. I also back up data to Backblaze Bucket(s) with Duplicati.

With all the horror stories of Windows updates killing machine’s it’s time to return to using Acronis True Image (not a paid endorsement) to start backing up the drive my Windows is on (all partitions)

I remember using Acronis True Image 8 in 2004 and loved it. Time to buy the new version. I loaded https://acronis.com/ (Australia Region) and noticed a cloud backup in the marketing information. I hope they still do local backups line in 2004.

Acronis True Image 2020 Cloud

I loaded the Acronis True Image 2020 link from the downtown menu (Australian link).

Acronis True Image 2020 Download Menu at acronis dot com

$69.99 seems fair,

Acronis True Image 2020 buy now button at acronis dot com

Darn, $69.99 is a yearly subscription. I don’t like subscriptions if I can get away with it.

Acronis True Image 2020 subscription and standalone options  at acronis dot com

I clicked Buy under standard licence.

Acronis True Image 2020 was $83.99 AUD at acronis dot com

$83.99 is a bit high

Saving a dollar

TIP: Make sure you install the Honey Extension (from joinhoney.com) and use the Google Chrome Web Browser before purchasing to get a discount on Acronis True Image 2020.

Honey applied a discount price

The Honey extension applied the coupon so fast I could not get a screenshot  it(so here is a screenshot with American Currency from a different web browser)

Honey applying a coupon in seconds

Now back to my purchase (and country), $33.60 is a nice saving.  

I am paying for this because 16+ years ago I used an older version of Acronis True Image and the free version backed up OK but when I tried to restore from a boot CD I needed to pay?

Honey saved me $33.80

Honey browser plugin saved me $33.6 AUD

I am happy to pay $50.33 for Acronis True Image 2020.

After I purchased Acronis True Image 2020 I was presented with links to download the related files to use the software and to restore.

Download options after I purchased

I downloaded the main Windows Acronis True Image Application for Windows and the Universal Restore program.

The files were about 900MB in total.

I had to download 900MB

While the downloads were downloading I created an Acronis account 

I added my purchased licence to my Account.

I created an account at acronis dot com

I was shown a welcome to Acronis page after creating an account.

Welcome to Acronis page

The downloads finished and I started the AcronisTrueImage2020.exe setup file

Acronis Setup

I clicked Install

Installing Acronis

After the setup completed I was directed to a Quick Start Guide

Quick Start Guide after setup

Starting Acronis True Image 2020

When I loaded Acronis True Image 2020 for the fits time I had to agree to the Licence Agreement

Licence Agreement

A pasted in my just purchased Licence key

Start a trial or activate with a serial number

I already had an account (created minutes earlier in a web browser)  so I clicked Sign In.

Create an account or sign in

Sign In Screen

Sign In Screen

I was presented with a help wizard on startup.

Wizard Help

Now I am ready to create my first backup.

Creating a Backup

Acronis True Image 2020 wanted me to back up all of my PC but it is 8TB, I don’t have an 8TB drive handy to back up to. For the life of Me I could not see how much 8TB would cost per month to backup.

By default Acronis wants to backup your whole PC

I clicked on my computer name (“ZENIGMA”) and selected “Disks and partitions“

I un-ticked all system drives and partitions that were not my C Drive disk. I have installed Windows 10 onto a Corsair MP600 M.2 PCIE 1TB SSD and I want to back it up. The M.2 SSD connects to my main board.

Corsair MP600 SSD, Credit Corsair.

I selected this drive to backup.

View of all disks and partitions, I ticked the MP600 drive.

Oh dang, I don’t have enough space free on any drive to backup the C Drive to., Time to move some files.

Backup Destination

I have 8 partitions (drive letters) on 5 SATA hard rives and 2 M.2 SSD’s. I think I can move some data and free some space for this backup.

I had to shuffle data across drives to create enough space to backup my c drive

File Musical Chair’s

I used WinDirStat from https://windirstat.net/ to scan my U drive (my newest hard drive) for files to move.

I used WInDIRStat to find files I can move

WinDirStat shows a nice graph of files on my U Drive. WinDirStat colour codes file types by colour and also sizes squared by actual file size.

Windirstats scan results, Loads o Music I can ,move.

I could see 240GB of music that could be moved. My wife and I have converted all CD’s that we have purchased since the 1990’s to live alongside out Apple iTunes collection.

250GB of Music needs moving

I used the Windows feature to right click on the Music folder and move it  the folder to another drive.

Move the Music folder in Windows

Windows confirmed hat I wanted to move this folder.

Move Confirm Dialog

It took 2 hours to move my Music folder to a smaller slower drive.

btw Pink Floyd are Awesome

Now that I have 800GB free I can backup up my C:\ Disk

I re opened Acronis True image and resumed from Backup point where I left off and made sure I was backing up my C Drive (Corsair MP600 SSD)

My C drive is  500gb and the destination has 888GB free

Acronis showed the Windows drive to web backed up.

I clicked “Select destination“.

Backup Dialog

I clicked “Browse“

Backup Destination

I selected “U:\AcronisBackup” as the target to backup C drive to

Choose a backup destination folder

I was prompted for a encryption password (nice)

Enter an Backup Encryption Password

Now the backup is ready to start.

Backup Now

I clicked Back up now

Backup in Progress

The Backup was going to take about 40 minutes.   I could see My C and U drive were busy in Task Manager

Backup in Progress

After the backup is complete Acronis verifies the Backup

Verify Backup Image

After the backup finished I could see that Acronis managed to backup C drive (570GB) to a 329GB file on a different drive

Backup complete

Now I need to restore the backup to confirm it works.

Only a working backup is of value.

Creating Rescue (Recovery) DVD Media?

Now that I have a backup of Windows I need to create a boot media that will allow me to restore the backup image in case Windows dies. 

I clicked in the 4th icon from the top in Acronis True Image 2020 then Rescue Media Builder

Rescue Media Builder

I clicked Simple

Simple or Advanced

First I created a DVD boot disc.

I selected my DVD Dive (it had a blank DVD in it)

The Rescue Media needs a 800MB CD or DVD.

Ready to burn the DVD

I clicked Proceed to burn the rescue media to the blank DVD

DVD Burning.

The Rescue Media DVD was burnt to a blank DVD, a few tips on using the Media were presented

Rescue Media complete, 3 steps to use.

I labelled the DVD Rescue Media and put it in a safe place.

Creating Rescue (Recovery) USB Media?

Now I will create a USB rescue Media Key.

I opened Acronis, Click the Tools Icon (same as the DVD method above), then Rescue Media Builder, click Simple and select your Empty USB key.

TIP: Make sure it is the correct Key as they key will be deleted first.

USB Key Selected

As with the DVD method above the Rescue Media files to be copied were about 800MB.

Write to USB Key.

When the UBS key is prepared you will receive the same success screen as the DVD method above.

Restoring a backup from the DVD Rescue Media

I inserted the Rescue DVD into my DVD drive, I rebooted my PC and pressed F2 to enter my BIOS (your key may be different).

I navigated to the section in my BIOS where I could choose my Boot device and made the DVD drive boot first, this will allow my Rescue DVD to boot before Windows.

BIOS Screen DVD Boos before C drive

I rebooted my PC and I pressed a key when prompted to boot from the Rescue DVD

The DVD buzzed away for a minute and then I was prompted with Back Up or Recover menu. I clicked U:\Blog\Acronis True Image\DVD Restore.

Back Up or Recover screenshot

I navigated to the U Drive (SFEARABY) Drive and selected the Backup I had taken earlier.

FYI: The Drive letters did not match in Windows and the Rescue Media. Take note of tour drive names. My U:\ Was listed as E:\.

I entered the password that I used to encrypt the backup.

I selected the backup of my C Drive to restore. I assume you can choose multiple, drives if you had backed up multiple drives.

I selected Recover whole disk and partitions.

Recover whole disk or single partition.

I was asked to select the date to backup from (I assume this is for when you have multiple backup events over many days).

I was again asked to select partitions to recover. 

Select Partitions.

A summary of the restore was presented and I clicked Proceed.

The Recovery was underway, It took about 8 minutes to restore over 500GB.

Recovery in progress.

It worked.

Recovery worked.

I restarted my PC and removed the Rescue DVD.

Windows was all restored to it’s earlier state.

Restoring a backup from the USB Rescue Media

Restoring is exactly the same as the DVD method.

  • Reboot and Enter your BIOS
  • Set the Boos Order to allow the USB key to boot first
  • Reboot (no need to press a key to boot from USB)
  • Backup and restore (as needed)

I was able to restore the backup no problems,

FYI: I had the same slowness in the UI in the same spots as the DVD, nothing that breaks the process.

The USB and DVD Recovery offers a backup and restore options.

USB Recovery

The Recovery media also allows you to clone a disk and setup a secure hidden partition for backups.

Other OPtions

Backup Protection

Acronis True Image 2020 also protects backup locations and prevents access to them.  I had to Allow Windows to be able to delete a backup.

Once I allowed Windows to be able to access the backup I was able to delete it.

Acronis allowing windows to manage backups files on Windows

Backup Schedules

Acronis True Image 2020 allows you to set Backup Schedules.

Backup Schedules

I do not have enough disk space to setup anything other than one full backup at  a time 

Single file backup

Backblaze

I still have Backblaze automatically backing up my files from within windows and this is my 2nd later of defence.

Backblaze will backup the 300+ GB backup.

300GB backup file/

Other Features

Active Protection

Acronis True Image 2020 has built in Active Protection to watch processes for ransomware or cryptographic. Read more here: https://www.acronis.com/en-au/active-protection/

I have had one false positive upgrading Java but ill leave it enabled.

Active e protection status screen

A nice log is available of all events and whitelisted apps.

Active protection log/

I have had to exclude apps but this has settles down.

Whitelist app

A notification appears on blocked or whitelisted events 🙂

possible ransomware detected.

I can simply block or allow to deal with each exception.

possible rancomware history

Thus is a nice feature.

Cloud Backup

I am now using any Cloud backup features in Acronis, ill let Back blaze handle that.

Archive large or old files

The Archive large files or old files is a bit basic for me to use.

Archive old or large files screen.

I will keep using CCCleaner and WinDirStats for this job.

Alternative disk clean up tools

Even the Windows default Disk Cleanup is good.

Windows disk cleanup

Cloud Sync

I do not use Cloud Sync, I would but I can’t find a price on the Acronis site at all.

I noticed that on the DVD and USB recovery boot I can restore a windows from a Acronis cloud backup (nice).

Other Tools

  • Clone disk (like EASE US?)
  • Universal restore?
  • Try and Decide
  • System Clean Up (backup First)
  • Acronis Secure Zone
  • Drive Cleanser
  • Third Party Tools

Acronis True Image (Conclusion)

I am being picky here as I loved using Acronis 10 years ago and I have rose coloured glasses.

Pros

  • It works
  • You can backup Windows while Windows is open
  • DVD and USB Rescue Media creation is easy
  • Backup Schedules
  • Notifications of disk space and operational state
  • Exclusions of non essential files
  • Backup Validation (at time of creation and schedule)
  • Ability to call pre and post backup commands
  • Choice of Incremental, Full or differential backups schemes
  • Cleanup of older incremental versions (and full version frequency)
  • Simple single version backup (single file, overwrites each time)
  • It works.

Cons

  • Some Buttons in the GUI are slow to respond
  • The DVD an USB Rescue Media is little unresponsive at times during the restore (but it works)
  • The DVD and USB Rescue Media GUI can use a bit of design love (I am sure it was better 10 years ago (basic and clean))
  • When I restored I had no Idea what C:\ Drive was listed as H:\ (loads of confusion on the internet)

Disclaimer

I am not paid by Acronis to say this, this is just my guide for my friends.  I paid with my own cash.  I take no responsibility if this does not work for you.  Good luck though.

Troubleshooting

DVD Rescue Media

The DVD/USB Rescue Media is a bit laggy. At one point in the recovery I has a white screen for over a minute. I waited and the screen came good

 

Laggy Screen

Also the Menu in the DVD/USB toolbar does seem a bit squashed.

Squashed Screen

Bonus: Windows System Restore

There may be a time when you have created a full Operating system backup but the restore does not work (e.g hardware has failed (and been changed)). Acronis True Image 2020 will allow you to restore files from a backup image (and not the whole partition or disk). 

Create System Restore

Make sure System Protection is enabled for your C Drive

System Protection On C Drive

Create a System Restore Image

If you have Windows 10 it is a good idea to create a System Restore point ever few months just in-case Windows goes bad.

Click Your Start Button then type “Create a restore point“

Windows 10 has a System Restore feature

Click your C Drive and click “Create“

Create restore point

The restore point will be created

Creating restore point.

Restoring a restore point

At any time you feel that Windows is sick (and still working) you can restore and old system restore.

Restore a restore point screenshot

Click the the desired restore point then click Next

All restore points list

You will be able to restore the old system snapshot.

Bonus: Clean Windows 10 Install

TBA: Blog post coming soon

Bonus: How I prepare all files needed for a clean install

Before you do a clean install of Windows 10 you may need to document what software you have installed so you have a change to reinstall them after you reinstall Windows.

This is possibly the most boring job but the one with the most reward. The hardest party is knowing what software you have an need.

Finding Installed Software with SUMo

I use a free program called SUMo from KC Software (not a plug) to list all installed programs and to see what software is out of date.

SUMo App Screenshot

SUMo informed me that I have 256 software products installed.

  • 7 were really out of date
  • 62 products had recent updates

I took this list and downloaded and installed new copies of the apps I had installed (as newer version’s of apps can be more secure) and I also saved the installer files to a folder away from C Drive (e.g B:\Installs).

I am a bit OSD and I have created 10 folders under the B:\Installs folder that contain installs from Essential Drivers to non essential apps that I can use in the event of a clean install of Windows 

In the Installs folder I have these sub folders

\100 Drivers\
\200 Essential Apps\
\300 Productivity Apps\
\400 Development Apps\
\500 Utils\
\600 Games\
\700 Virtual Machine OS Installs\
\800 Virtual Machine Apps\
\900 Learning\

When reinstalling Windows I start by installing all apps in each group (starting with “100 Drivers”), The larger the parent folders’ number is the less important the files are int hat folder.

I have a Legend.txt with a summary of the contents of each folder

Install Folders Legend

100+ ~ 199 Drivers
     - Mainboard ASUS RUF X570 (WIFI)
     - AMD Chipset Drivers
     - Nvidia Video Card
     - Etc
201+ ~ 299 Essential Apps
     - Printer Drives
     - 1Pasword
     - Antivrus
     - Backblaze
     - VPN
     - Acronis
     - Etc
300+ ~ 399  Productivity Apps
     - Microsoft Office 
     - Microsoft Visio
     - Etc
400+ ~ 499  Development Apps
     - Visual Studio
     - Arduino IDE
     - Fritrzing
     - Microsoft SQL Developer
     - MySQL
     - Python
     - PHP Storm
     - Etc
500+ ~ 599 Utils
     - CPU-Z
     - Core Temp
     - Acrbat Reader
     - Etc
600+ ~ 699 Games
     - Steam Installer
     - Origin Installer
     - Etc
700+ ~ 799 Virtual Machine OS Installs
     - Windows 3.11
     - Windows 95
	 - Etc
800+ ~ 899 Virtual Machine Apps
     - Office 95
     - Office XP
     - Etc
900+ ~ 909 Learning
     - Python Books
     - Etc

You can create whatever numbering scheme you want.

I also have a cached folder of my Development Software (Visual Studio) Install cache at “B:\Installs\vscache“

All of my install folders.

Under my drivers folder I have all the drivers I need to reinstall windows

All the drivers for my system.

An under my “500 Utils” folder is all the utilities I install (many).

Hundreds of sub folders with utilities in them

The main thing is I have all the files and installers needed to do a clean setup of Windows 10 if need be.

Links

  • Acronis Personal Backup
  • Welcome to Acronis True Image 2020

 

Version History

v1.1 Added “Backup and Restore Windows Prerequisites”

v1.0 Initial

Filed Under: Backblaze, Backup Tagged With: acronis, Backup, crash, restore, windows

Backing up files to a Backblaze B2 Cloud Bucket with Duplicati

June 6, 2019 by Simon

This guide will show how you can automatically backup files to a Backblaze B2 clouds bucket with the Duplicati software on Windows and Linux.

I have blogged about how you can use the Backblaze personal backup program ( here, Use my link and get your first month of Backblaze backups free). The personal application from Backblaze is cool but what if you wanted to store 10GB for free (the first 10GB is free) or setup different buckets for different computers or applications.

Welcome to Backblaze B2 Cloud Storage.

In Australia B2 cloud costs (+GST).

  • First 10GB is free.
  • $0.005c per GB stored per month.
  • To download, 1x GB costs $0.01c.

Check our my other related posts

  • Backing up your computer automatically with BackBlaze software (no data limit)
  • How to back up an iPhone (including photos and videos) multiple ways

This works alongside the private Backblaze backup mentioned here.

Screenshot: Duplicati Downalods page https://www.duplicati.com/download

Backblaze B2 Pricing

How does Backblaze B2 Compare that to other cloud data storage provides.

Screenshot of https://www.backblaze.com/b2/cloud-storage.html

Comparison chart.

ProviderStorage ($/GB/Month)Download ($/GB)
Backblaze$0.005$0.01
Amazon S3$0.021$0.05+
Microsoft Azure$0.018+$0.05+
Google cloud$0.020$0.08

Vendor cost breakdown (source).

Read here to view the official page on pricing.

Snip:

Storage:

The first 10 GB of total storage is free, and is $0.005 per GB per month for additional storage beyond 10 GB.   

Download:

The first 1 GB of downloads per day are free.  The price to download stored data costs $0.01 per GB beyond the free daily 1 GB. 

Transactions:

A 'transaction' refers to any time an api call is made with your account, such as listing the contents of your bucket or downloading a file.   B2 will charge for some transactions however, for the average user, these charges are largely negligible unless you are making an extremely high volume of api calls.

Class A transactions are free.

The first 2,500 Class B transactions are free each day. Additional Class B API calls are charged at $0.004 per 10,000 calls.  

The first 2,500 Class C transactions are free each day. Additional Class C API calls are charged is $0.004 per 1,000 calls.

Vendor Relability

https://downdetector.com is  a great site for viewing is  a vendor is down or has issues, lets compare, Backblaze with Amazon, Azure and Google Cloud

  • Downdetector.com: Backblaze
  • Downdetector.com: Azure
  • Downdetector.com: Amazon
  • Downdetector.com: Google Cloud

Backblaze have has far fewer downtime issues during the great outage of May/June 2019 compared to its competitors. What I like is Backblaze tell us how they do it and tell us what hard drives are good or bad.

Creating a Backblaze B2 Account

Login/SignUp to backblaze at https://secure.backblaze.com/user_signin.htm

You can have a sneak peek at the personal Backblaze backup signup steps in this guide (why not take up a free 1 month back free by clicking this link when you create an account).

From your account page click billing and add your account details

Screenshot of https://secure.backblaze.com/billing.htm?billing_page=b2

Read the B2 Strater Guide: https://www.backblaze.com/b2/docs/

Also review your review the following under ‘My Settings‘

  • Phone Numer (mobile) for usage alerts.
  • Two Factor Authorization for extra security (don’t forget to çopy your backup codes)

Setup Billing Alerts (just in case)

In the Backblaze portal, under ‘Caps and Alerts‘ you should set..

  • Alerts to your mobile phone (for Daily storage caps,bandwidth caps and class B/C caps)
  • Under ‘Daily Storage Caps’ click ‘edit’ and set monetary alerts (you can increase alert limits later)
Added $5 and $10 daily storage alerts

Click ‘Edit Caps’ and set daily limits on all categories

Edit Caps button

I set alert limits of 10c (I can increase this later)

Daily 10c alerts should see is costs creep above $3 a month.

Screenshot of cap alerts, I set 10c warnings on everyitng

Create a cloud bucket to store files

Go to https://secure.backblaze.com/b2_buckets.htm and click ‘Create Bucket’

Screenshot of https://secure.backblaze.com/b2_buckets.htm (create bucket button)

You can create upto 100 buckets per account.

I created a descriptive bucket name that reminded me what server, drive and folder this was used to back up.

"#######-drive-backup-folder" (####### was the name of my computer)
Screenshot of bucket being created an named.

I created a number of buckets (all private).

The Backblaze portal lists all of my new storage buckets.

Screenshot of my 4 new storage buckets

Bucket Storage (Lifestyle Settings)

You can click the ‘Lifecycle Settings‘ button and set the desired buckets file retention policy (overwrite or keep all versions of a file etc).

Read the official Lifestyle settings faq here.

The default is to keep all versions of a file. Choose a setting that is required for each bucket(for me ‘Keep only the latest version of the file’ is best and lowers potential cost blowouts. Having all versions of a file may be handy for a Documents folder.

Screenshot of  Lifestyle settings at https://secure.backblaze.com/b2_buckets.htm

You could opt to keep all versions of a file (forever) but that would be expensive.

You tell Backblaze to delete older versions of a file after xx days (this is a good option)

You can also setup custom lifecycle rules to hide a file with a certain prefix after xx days then delete after xx days.

Create a Master Application Key for all buckets

You will need to create a Master Application Key that will grant you full access (Permissions: listKeys, writeKeys, deleteKeys, listBuckets, writeBuckets, deleteBuckets, listFiles, readFiles, shareFiles, writeFiles, deleteFiles ) to each bucket.

Snip from: https://secure.backblaze.com/app_keys.htm

Application keys are used as a pair: Key ID and Application Key. This allows B2 to communicate securely with different devices or apps. Once you generate your Master Application Key, this key has full capabilities. Create your own Application Keys to limit features like read/write. Learn more.

Do write down this “KeyID” and “applicationKey”

Screenshot of https://secure.backblaze.com/app_keys.htm (generated "KeyID" and "applicationKey")

Don’t lose the Master Application Key.

Create an App Key for each bucket

A master key is like an administrator account, its great for complete access but you should create a separate key per bucket for better security.

Back under the App Keys you can click “Add a New Application Key” for each bucket.

Screenshot of Add a new application key button

Read the official guide on Application Keys here

Screenshot of add application key (add name, option to choose a bucket and assign read/write acess

Do Set..

  • “Name of Key” (similar to your bucket (e.g “my-bucket-name-key”))
  • “Allow access to Bucket(s)” (choose a bucket to grant access to).
  • “Type of Access” (Read and Write, Read Only, Write Only)

Optional..

  • Set a “File name prefix” (snip from here)
"The file name prefix of files the download authorization token will allow b2_download_file_by_name to access. For example, if you have a private bucket named "photos" and generate a download authorization token for the fileNamePrefix "pets/" you will be able to use the download authorization token to access: https://f345.backblazeb2.com/file/photos/pets/kitten.jpg but not: https://f345.backblazeb2.com/file/photos/vacation.jpg."
  • Set a “Duration” (snip from here)
"The number of seconds before the authorization token will expire. The minimum value is 1 second. The maximum value is 604800 which is one week in seconds."

I now has 1x Master Application key and 4x Application Keys for my 4x Buckets

Screenshot of https://secure.backblaze.com/app_keys.htm (1 master key and 4x app keys)

TIP: Make sure you save the keys, if you did not grab the keys delete the keys and buckets (if there is not data and try again). If you don;t have the keys you are locked out of the buckets

OK, Let’s fill those buckets with data with Duplicati

Go to https://www.duplicati.com/ and familiarise yourself with the site

Setup Duplicati on Windows (10)

Go to https://www.duplicati.com/download and download the latest Windows client. At the time of writing Duplicati 2.0.4.5 beta was the latest version. Thew instal was 1MB (the download serve was not that fast)

Warning: Beta software may have bugs, feel free to check out the Github page for Issues etc.

Duplicati 2.0.4.5 download button

Open the install and Click ‘Next‘

Duplicati install wizard start, click Next

Agree to the ‘Licence Agreement‘ by clicking ‘Next‘

Duplicati licence agreement screenshot

Select Duplicati components to install and click ‘Next‘

Install an components screenshot.

Tick ‘Launch Duplicati‘ an click ‘Finish‘

Duplicati has finished installing screenshot.

Using Duplicati Software

Upon first open you will be prompted to set a password (do this even if you are the only user of thew computer)

First run screenshot

Set a strong and unique password

Screenshot of setting a duplicati password

Click ‘Ok‘

Ok Button

When the page reloads it will report it is not logged in.

Screenshot of user is not logged in error.

Enter your password

Enter password screenshot

The main screen of Duplicati reports that there are no scheduled set.

Screenshot no scheduled tasks screenshot.

OK, lets create a backup schedule.

Creating a Backup on Windows

If your screen is small you will need to click the menu at the top right and click ‘Add Backup’, if your screen is large there will be an ‘Add Backup’ menu on the left hand side of the screen.

Duplicati menu screenshot

Select ‘Configure a new backup‘ and click ‘Next‘

Configure a new backup screenshot

You will be able to name and describe the backup schedule name and be able to set up an encryption password.

Then click ‘Next‘

Screenshot of create backup schedule with name, description and encryption password

Under ‘Storage Type‘ choose ‘B2 Cloud Storage‘

When you choosing ‘B2 Cloud Storage‘ you will be directed to the screen below where you stecify..

  • B2 Cloud bucket name
  • Path in the bucket to store the files (leave blank)
  • Enter your Backblaze Account ID (e.g. ##########################)
  • Enter the Buckey ApplicationKey (e.g. ###############################)

Click ‘Next‘

Screenshot of enter B2 credentials

I entered my credentials

I entered my B2 bucket credentials

Click ‘Test Connection‘, if you entered everything OK you should see ‘Connection Worked‘

Connection worked Screenshot

Click ‘Next‘

Next button screenshot

Now you can select the folders to backup on your local computer

Duplicati, select folders to backup.

Click ‘Next‘

Next button

Now you can choose a schedule to backup

Screenshot choose time and days to run the backup.

Click ‘Next‘

Click Next button screenshot

Now you can set the remote backup size and backup retention mode.

Read the official guide on setting the volume size here

  • Increase the ‘Remote Volume Size’ if you are worried about consuming your daily API quota in Backblaze (this may happen if your upload speed is fast and your backup is very large).
  • Lower the ‘Remote Volume Size’ size if backups are small or your upload speed is low.
Screenshot of remote volume size and backup retention

Choose a desirable backup retention mode. Duplicati only offers full backups (not incremental or differential backups). This will be an issue if your backups are large.

  • Keep all backups (“Nothing will be deleted. The backup size will grow with each change.“)
  • Delete backups that are older than (“If at least one newer backup is found, all backups older than this date are deleted.“)
  • Keep a specific number of backups (“Once there are more backups than the specified number, the oldest backups are deleted.“)
  • Smart Backup Retention (“Over time backups will be deleted automatically. There will remain one backup for each of the last 7 days, each of the last 4 weeks, each of the last 12 months. There will always be at least one remaining backup.“)
  • Custom backup retention (“Enter a retention strategy manually. Placeholders are D/W/Y for days/weeks/years and U for unlimited. The syntax is: 7D:1D,4W:1W,36M:1M. This example keeps one backup for each of the next 7 days, one for each of the next 4 weeks, and one for each of the next 36 months. This can also be written as 1W:1D,1M:1W,3Y:1M.“)

Each storage option has pro’s and cons with potential cost implications. I would not set 300GB to “Keep all backups” and backup daily. That would be expensive.

Screenshot of the 5 backup retention modes

Click ‘Save‘

Save button screenshot

TIP: Don”t forget to save your encryption key if you set one

Screenshot of a duplicati warning saying have we saved our encryption ley

Now you will see the backup schedule on your Duplicati screen.

You can run, edit or delete the backup status here.

Screenshot of the backup schedule on the home screen.

I clicked ‘Run‘ and the backup was under way.

A progress bar updates as the backup happens.

Screenshot of backup underway

A slight delay happens at the end of the backup.

Screenshot of backup waiting to finish screen.

I logged into the Backblaze portal to see how many files and usage credits were used.

Note it seems?

Screenshot of backblaze portal

When the files are backed up a verification processes happens.

screenshot of verify files screen

Now the backup has completed.

Screenshot of the backup completed screen

I waited 2 minutes and finally Backblaze updated it’s status, Duplicati used 3 files and 87MB

Screenshot of B2 Cloud uploads stats

I logged into the view the Duplicati files that were uploaded and I could see the three files were there and they were encrypted.

Screenshot of B2 cloud encrypted Duplicati files.

Awesome

Restoring a Backup on Windows

Having a backup is useless you can restore the files (especially when they are encrypted).

Lets restore a few files and see if it works.

I opened Duplicati and clicked ‘Restore‘

Screenshot: Duplicati restore menu item

I clicked the bottom option that listed my bucket name/backup name and clicked ‘Next‘

Screenshot restore from the backup

Before I ran the restore I deleted some location files that were just backed up.

Screenshot of me deleting 2 files.

Duplicati now asked me to choose files to restore.

Screenshot restore files treeview with selections

I chose the original location to restore to and clicked ‘Restore‘

Screenshot restore to.

Duplicati took a few minutes to restore the files.

Screenshot: Duplicati downloading files

The restore was a success.

Screenshot restore success

Nice

Backblaze Costs?

Beware, make sure you calculate the costs to upload and download files.

Do set alarms on cap’s limits and review them often.

Screenshot of data usage and caps.

Second Backup Schedule on Windows

I quickly set a second backup schedule of a different folder to a different bucket.

This backup was 300GB so I will only backup once a month

Schedule once a month backup schedule.

The backup is listed on the front screen of Duplicati.

Do create multiple buckets and set multiple backup schedules to break up the backups into smaller chunks.

Screenshot of multiple backup schedules.

Setup Duplicati on Linux (Debian or Ubuntu)

Lets setup B2 Cloud Storage backup on Linux.

I visited the Duplicati forums here. Duplicati informed me that the Linux client needs mono installed

Duplicati depends on other software. For Windows, Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5 or higher needs to be installed. Linux and Mac OS X require Mono to be installed.

Mono is a Cross Platform open source .NET that runs on Linux (read here)

On Ubuntu 1.08 I installed mono with these commands

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys 3FA7E0328081BFF6A14DA29AA6A19B38D3D831EF
echo "deb https://download.mono-project.com/repo/ubuntu stable-bionic main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mono-official-stable.list
sudo apt update
sudo apt install mono-devel gtk-sharp2
sudo apt-get install libmono-2.0-1

On Debian 9.9 I installed Mono with these commands (from here)

sudo apt install apt-transport-https dirmngr gnupg ca-certificates
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys 3FA7E0328081BFF6A14DA29AA6A19B38D3D831EF
echo "deb https://download.mono-project.com/repo/debian stable-stretch main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mono-official-stable.list
sudo apt update
sudo apt install mono-devel gtk-sharp2
sudo apt-get install libmono-2.0-1

I rebooted the serves and the CPU and memory went crazy after I installed Mono. My Nixstats Service reports were going off telling me my servers CPU was busy.

If you don’s have reports on Linux server CPU/MEM/Disk reports coming to you via Email and Telegram then read this.

Screensot of Nixstats Reports

I felt sorry for my web and database server server(s) so I rebooted them, wow, My website came back up in about 10 seconds thanks to UpClouds fast Max IOPS disks.

Installing Duplicati on Linux

I visited the download Duplicati page here and copied the Ubuntu and Debian download URL.

At the time of writing it was..

https://updates.duplicati.com/beta/duplicati_2.0.4.5-1_all.deb

I downloaded the deb package

cd /utils/duplicati
wget https://updates.duplicati.com/beta/duplicati_2.0.4.5-1_all.deb

I then ran this command to install the package

sudo dpkg -i duplicati_2.0.4.5-1_all.deb

I received this error even thpogh libmono-2.0-1 was installed

dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of duplicati:
duplicati depends on libmono-2.0-1; however:
Package libmono-2.0-1 is not installed.

This forum post helped me, I ran

sudo apt install -f

Output

sudo apt install -f
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libappindicator0.1-cil libappindicator1 libdbusmenu-glib4 libdbusmenu-gtk4
  libindicator7 libmono-2.0-1
Suggested packages:
  indicator-application
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libappindicator0.1-cil libappindicator1 libdbusmenu-glib4 libdbusmenu-gtk4
  libindicator7 libmono-2.0-1
0 upgraded, 6 newly installed, 0 to remove and 7 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 143 kB of archives.
After this operation, 541 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

And I ran the following

sudo apt dist-upgrade --fix-missing

I now ran the following to install the duplicati package.

sudo dpkg -i duplicati_2.0.4.5-1_all.deb

It worked on Ubuntu 18.08 bt not Debian 9.9

Debian produced the following error

sudo dpkg -i duplicati_2.0.4.5-1_all.deb                (Reading database ... 70082 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack duplicati_2.0.4.5-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking duplicati (2.0.4.5-1) over (2.0.4.5-1) ...
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of duplicati:
 duplicati depends on libappindicator0.1-cil | libappindicator3-0.1-cil; however:
  Package libappindicator0.1-cil is not installed.
  Package libappindicator3-0.1-cil is not installed.

dpkg: error processing package duplicati (--install):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Processing triggers for mime-support (3.60) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
 duplicati

On Debian I installed the stretch version of the package

sudo apt-get install libappindicator1

Then in Debian I fixed broken packages

sudo apt --fix-broken install

This I was able to install Duplicati on Debian

sudo dpkg -i duplicati_2.0.4.5-1_all.deb

Running Duplicati CLI

I can now Run Duplicati CLI (it works)

duplicati-cli

See duplicati.commandline.exe help <topic> for more information.
  General: example, changelog
  Commands: backup, find, restore, delete, compact, test, compare, purge, vacuum
  Repair: repair, affected, list-broken-files, purge-broken-files
  Debug: debug, logging, create-report, test-filters, system-info, send-mail
  Targets: aftp, amzcd, azure, b2, box, cloudfiles, dropbox, ftp, file,
  googledrive, gcs, hubic, jottacloud, mega, msgroup, onedrive, onedrivev2,
  sharepoint, openstack, rclone, s3, ssh, od4b, mssp, sia, tahoe, webdav
  Modules: aes, gpg, zip, 7z, console-password-input, mssql-options,
  hyperv-options, http-options, sendhttp, sendmail, runscript, sendxmpp,
  check-mono-ssl
  Formats: date, time, size, encryption, compression
  Advanced: mail, advanced, returncodes, filter, filter-groups, <option>

http://www.duplicati.com/              Version:  - 2.0.4.5_beta_2018-11-28

TIP: Don’t run “duplicati” that’s the desktop verison.

Creating a Duplicati Backup on Linux

I read this page and this page to get an understanding of how to back up from the command line. I was not sure if I needed to run a service or run the CLI from a bach script so I asked on the forums here.

Within minutes I had this reply

kenkendk
1h
Hi @feartec, welcome to the forum!

The CLI and Web-UI are not the same, and operate independently.

If you use the CLI, you need to use cron or something similar to run the backups periodically. You can use duplicati-cli help to get started. You do not need the server running for this.

For the web-UI we do not currently have any tools for manipulating the backups other than the main WebUI itself. You need to somehow forward/tunnel access to the server, and then access the WebUI from a local browser.

Backing up a folder with Duplicati to a Backblaze B2 Bucket

I created this folder structure

/test/
/test/testfile.txt < hello
/test/subfolder/
/test/subfolder/file.txt < world

I ran this command to back up the folder structure above to backblaze (official guide). See advanced switches.

/usr/bin/duplicati-cli backup "b2://bucket-name-goes-here/test" "/test/" --auth-username="#########keyID#########" --auth-password="###########applicationKey#########" --compression-module="zip" --dblock-size="50mb" --passphrase=**********

TIP: read more about “dblock” size here

Output

Checking remote backup ...
  Listing remote folder ...
Scanning local files ...
  4 files need to be examined (8 bytes)
Checking remote backup ...
  Listing remote folder ...
Verifying remote backup ...
Remote backup verification completed
  Downloading file (1021 bytes) ...
  Downloading file (1.06 KB) ...
  Downloading file (2.00 KB) ...
  0 files need to be examined (0 bytes)
  Duration of backup: 00:00:06
  Remote files: 3
  Remote size: 4.05 KB
  Total remote quota: 0 bytes
  Available remote quota: 0 bytes
  Files added: 0
  Files deleted: 0
  Files changed: 0
  Data uploaded: 0 bytes
  Data downloaded: 4.05 KB
Backup completed successfully!

I logged into Backblaze to check the backups

Duplicati backup success

I created a second test file and added 2 test files

mkdir /test2
cd /test2
wget http://ipv4.download.thinkbroadband.com/10MB.zip
wget http://ipv4.download.thinkbroadband.com/5MB.zip

ls -al
total 15368
...
-rw-r--r--  1 user user 10485760 Jun  3  2008 10MB.zip
-rw-r--r--  1 user user 5242880 Jun  3  2008 5MB.zip

I ran the backup with the second folder in the command line

/usr/bin/duplicati-cli backup "b2://bucket-name-goes-here/test" "/test/" "/test2/" --auth-username="#########keyID#########" --auth-password="###########applicationKey#########" --compression-module="zip" --dblock-size="50mb" --passphrase=********** --retention-policy="1W:1D,4W:1W,12M:1M"

Output

Backup started at 06/07/2019 23:05:58
Checking remote backup ...
  Listing remote folder ...
Scanning local files ...
  7 files need to be examined (15.00 MB)
  Uploading file (15.03 MB) ...
  Uploading file (11.43 KB) ...
  Uploading file (1.29 KB) ...
Checking remote backup ...
  Listing remote folder ...
Verifying remote backup ...
Remote backup verification completed
  Downloading file (1.29 KB) ...
  2 files need to be examined (8 bytes)
  Downloading file (11.43 KB) ...
  Downloading file (15.03 MB) ...
  0 files need to be examined (0 bytes)
  Duration of backup: 00:00:10
  Remote files: 6
  Remote size: 15.05 MB
  Total remote quota: 0 bytes
  Available remote quota: 0 bytes
  Files added: 2
  Files deleted: 0
  Files changed: 0
  Data uploaded: 15.05 MB
  Data downloaded: 15.05 MB

Success

Restoring a Duplicati Backup on Linux

O’k lets delete the local “/test2/” folder then restore it

rm -R /test2

Now lets restore it (official guide)

/usr/bin/duplicati-cli restore "b2://bucket-name-goes-here/test" "/test2/" --auth-username="#########keyID#########" --auth-password="###########applicationKey#########" --passphrase=************* --overwrite=true --restore-path="/test2"

Output

Restore started at 06/07/2019 23:21:51
Checking remote backup ...
  Listing remote folder ...
Checking existing target files ...
  2 files need to be restored (15.00 MB)
Scanning local files for needed data ...
  Downloading file (15.03 MB) ...
  0 files need to be restored (0 bytes)
Verifying restored files ...
Restored 0 (0 bytes) files to /test2
Duration of restore: 00:00:05

Did it work

cd /test2
ls -al
total 15368
...
-rw-r--r--  1 use user 10485760 Jun  3  2008 10MB.zip
-rw-r--r--  1 user user 5242880 Jun  3  2008 5MB.zip

Yes it worked

Backup 2 folders an emailing the results

I use Google GSuite for email and have an app password setup just for duplicati. Here is the official guide for sending an email after a backup operation

I downloaded a 100MB file

cd /test2
wget http://ipv4.download.thinkbroadband.com/100MB.zip

I ran this command to backup an emailthe progress

/usr/bin/duplicati-cli backup "b2://bucket-name-goes-here/test" "/test/" "/test2/" --auth-username="#########keyID#########" --auth-password="###########applicationKey#########" --compression-module="zip" --dblock-size="50mb" --passphrase=***************** [email protected] --send-mail-subject="Duplicati Backup on yourserver.com - Src: %LOCALPATH% , Dest: %REMOTEURL% (%RESULT%)" --send-mail-body="Duplicati Backup on yourserver.com - Src: %LOCALPATH% , Dest: %REMOTEURL% (%RESULT%)" --send-mail-url="tls://smtp.gmail.com:587" [email protected] --send-mail-password=***************** --retention-policy="1W:1D,4W:1W,12M:1M"

Output

Backup started at 06/08/2019 00:02:28
Checking remote backup …
Listing remote folder …
Scanning local files …
8 files need to be examined (115.00 MB)
7 files need to be examined (15.00 MB)
Uploading file (49.99 MB) …
Uploading file (18.01 KB) …
Uploading file (49.99 MB) …
Uploading file (17.97 KB) …
Uploading file (233.33 KB) …
Uploading file (33.17 KB) …
Uploading file (1.42 KB) …
Compacting remote backup …
Checking remote backup …
Listing remote folder …
Verifying remote backup …
Remote backup verification completed
Downloading file (1.42 KB) …
4 files need to be examined (15.00 MB)
Downloading file (18.01 KB) …
Downloading file (49.99 MB) …
0 files need to be examined (0 bytes)
Duration of backup: 00:00:15
Remote files: 13
Remote size: 115.33 MB
Total remote quota: 0 bytes
Available remote quota: 0 bytes
Files added: 1
Files deleted: 0
Files changed: 0
Data uploaded: 100.28 MB
Data downloaded: 50.01 MB
Backup completed successfully!

Email

Screenshot of and email from Duplicati software

Backup Types and Versions

Read up here on backup retention policies here

TIP: Use the desktop Duplicati software to generate a backup then use the export to command line option to get the command line parameters to use in the command line version.

Screenshot of the desktop version of Duplicati and the export to command line link

After you click Commandline you can view each separate command liene option and parameter.

This was handy for finding this backup retention parameter

--retention-policy="1W:1D,4W:1W,12M:1M

“This will give me “one backup for each of the last 7 days, each of the last 4 weeks, each of the last 12 months. There will always be at least one remaining backup. “

Setup Auto Backup Cron Scripts

Login to your linux machines and edit a bash file (e.g in “/scripts/backupnow.sh” folder).

Make the script executable

chmod +x /scripts/backupnow.sh

Add the following

#!/bin/bash

/usr/bin/duplicati-cli backup "b2://bucket-name-goes-here/test" "/test/" "/test2/" --auth-username="#########keyID#########" --auth-password="###########applicationKey#########" --compression-module="zip" --dblock-size="50mb" --passphrase=123 [email protected] --send-mail-subject="Duplicati Backup on yourserver.com - Src: %LOCALPATH% , Dest: %REMOTEURL% (%RESULT%)" --send-mail-body="Duplicati Backup on yourserver.com - Src: %LOCALPATH% , Dest: %REMOTEURL% (%RESULT%)" --send-mail-url="tls://smtp.gmail.com:587" [email protected] --send-mail-password=***************** --retention-policy="1W:1D,4W:1W,12M:1M"

Now you can add the script to your crontab by running the following.

crontab -e

Make sure you have the following in your crontab

SHELL=/bin/bash

Add a cron entry to run the bash script

#Backup Database
0 22 * * * /bin/bash /scripts/backupnow.sh

Use https://crontab.guru/ to check the time you want to run thew script

https://crontab.guru/ screenshot

Links

  • B2 Starter Guides
  • Duplicati Manual

 

 

 

Version

v1.1 Fixed typo (”downalod” thanks to @NicolasWolf for reporting.)

v1.0 Initial Post (added retention polity and Linux crontabs

v0.95 Backup, Restore and Send Email

v0.91 Added Duplicati service info

v0.9 Working Copy

Filed Under: Uncategorized Tagged With: B2, backblaze, Backup, cli, cloud, duplicati, Linux, windows

How to backup and restore a MySQL database on Windows and Linux

April 21, 2019 by Simon

Why backup and restore

This is a quick guide demonstrating how you can backup and restore a MySQL database on Windows and Linux using Adminer.

You may need to know how to backup a restore a database for a number of reasons..

e.g

  • Send the database to someone to debug or give feedback while learning.
  • Move the database from a local machine to the cloud
  • Move the database from cloud vendor A to cloud vendor B
  • etc.

Having a backup of the VM is good but having a backup of the database too is better. I use UpCloud for hosting my VM’s and setting backups is easy. But I cannot download those backups.

UpCloud Backup Screen

Murphy’s Law

“If anything can go wrong, it will”

The most important reason for taking a backup and knowing how to restore it is for disaster recovery reasons.

Backup (the easiest way) with Adminer

Adminer is a free PHP based IDE for MySQL and other databases. Simply install Adminer and save the file on your local computer or remote web server directory.

FYI: The Adminer author Jakub Vrana has a patron page, I am a patron of this awesome software.

Snip from Adminers website. “Adminer (formerly phpMinAdmin) is a full-featured database management tool written in PHP. Conversely to phpMyAdmin, it consist of a single file ready to deploy to the target server. Adminer is available for MySQL, MariaDB, PostgreSQL, SQLite, MS SQL, Oracle, Firebird, SimpleDB, Elasticsearch andMongoDB.”

adminer.php file icon screenshot

TIP: The file would be publicly accessible to anyone so don’t save it to a common area, obfuscate the file, protect it of delete the file when you are done using it.

Once Adminer is installed load it in a web browser, login with your MySQL credentials. Once you login you will see all databases and an Import and Export menu.

Adminer main screen, all databases and import and export menu.

tbtest is a simple database with one table and 4 fields (ID, Key, Value and Modified)

.Click Export to open the export screen.

Export screen showing a list of databases and export options

Click Export, a SQL file will be generated (this is the export of the database).

Here is a save of the file:
https://fearby.com/wp-content/uploads/export.txt

Exported view of https://dev.mysql.com/doc/workbench/en/wb-admin-export-import-management.html

Its that simple.

If I add a binary blob file to the table and upload a PNG file lets see how the export looks.

Screenshot o the new table with a blog field in Adminer UI

Let export the database again in Adminer and check out the output. I used Sublime Text editor to view the export file.

New Export shows the binary file in the Backup SQL file

Restore (the easiest way) with Adminer

OK lets delete the tbtest database and then restore it with Adminer. I used Adminer to delete (DROP) the database.

Database dropped with Adminer

Database “dbtest” deleted.

Now lets create a blank database to restore to (same name).

Create database screen.

Database created.

dbtest created.

Now lets import the database backup using Adminer.

Click Import, select the backup file and un-tick Stop on errors.

Import screenshot, dxtest selectded, Restore file selected, stop on errors disabled

TIP: The 2MB next the the choose file button is defined by your web server and PHP configuration. If you are trying to import a larger database (e.g 80MB) first increase the limits in your web server and PHP (via php.ini).

The Import (restore should take seconds)

Import Success

The database was imported from a backup, all tables and records imported just fine.

The database was imported from a backup

Bonus methods.

On Ubuntu use this guide to backup from the command line. If you use the Oracle MySQL Workbench read this.

I hope this helps someone.

Filed Under: Adminer, Backup, Database, MySQL, Restore Tagged With: and, Backup, How, Linux, MySQL, on, restore, to, windows

Open a Windows 10 Boot Camp Installation on OSX in Parallels (like a VM)

April 29, 2018 by Simon

This guide will show you how you can open a Windows 10 Boot Camp Installation on OSX in Parallels (like a VM).

Installing Parallels on a Mac allows you to install Windows in A VM, this is handy but you may want to install Windows on a Mac drive with Boot camp (guide here)  for better performance.

Can you load this VM-less Windows install in OSX rather than reboot it, the answer is YES (with Parallels v13).

Setup your Windows Bootcamps (see my guide here).

Create a new VM image in Parallels (Select Boot Camp)

New Image

Click Continue

Use Windows Bootcamp

Confirm the reaction warning.

Before You Proceed

Name the VM and choose a location

Location

Set desired memory etc.

Choose your desired clipboard and disk access settings.

Options

Done, now Parallels will prepare your VM (Really Boot Camp)

Created

Preparing

Creating VM

Parallel tools will be automatically installed.

Configuring

Done, you will now be able to load your Apple Bootcamp partition as it is was a VM inside OSX (or boot it)

Windows

yes, the VM file is pointing to the Boot Camp partition.

VM File

I hope this guide helps someone.

Ask a question or recommend an article

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Revision History

v1.0 Initial post

Filed Under: Bootcamp, Development, OSX, VM, Windows Tagged With: 10, a, Boot, Camp, in, Installation, like a VM, on, Open, OSX, Parallels, windows

Ubuntu Desktop OS for Developers

June 25, 2017 by Simon

Did you know you can download and install a free operating system (free Windows Alternative) from https://www.ubuntu.com/ and use it on your own computer or as a virtual machine?

Ubuntu is a common operating system on cloud providers AWS or Digital Ocean so cloud server installation so installing it locally is a good idea if you are a developer.

Go to https://www.ubuntu.com/ and click Desktop for Developers menu item.

Then click the Download Button next to Ubuntu 16.04.2 LTS.

Choose your donation amount (set nothing if you have donated before or cannot afford it).

Click the take me to the download link.

Wait for the download to start or click download now.

The download is  1.4Gb in size and may take a while. The file format is an ISO format (an ISO is a copy of a CD, burn it with your favourite CD-Burning package).  Burnt ISO CD’s are bootable.

You can either boot and install Ubuntu alongside your existing operating system in a  virtual environment on Mac OS with Parallels or VirtualBox on Windows. Warning you accidentally can delete your existing operating system and files if you are not sure that you are doing.

I decided to run Ubuntu on my Mac inside Parallels as a virtual machine (this used 5GB space and 1GB memory and 2x CPU’s).

Once I setup Ubuntu it booted up and I was presented with a login screen.

I had a link to a FileManager and Control panel on the left. Help for Ubuntu can he found here https://help.ubuntu.com/stable/ubuntu-help/

The Ubuntu desktop has a Word Processor, Spreadsheet and Presentation package.

Installing NodeJS and other development software (Skip if you are not a  developer).

I installed nodeJS by following the instructions here

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_6.x | sudo -E bash -
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs

You can test the development tools by typing

python --version
perl --version
nodejs -v

You can install other development software (NGINX, MySQL etc) by reading my guide here.

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