Using NodeJS/NGINX to power a custom API or website is quite simple. At some stage you will want to connect NodeJS to a MySQL database.
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Here is a quick sample of the minimum code needed to get a Node Server up with a API target of “/api/database/status”. What better way to know if a database is up than to read a setting from a table to confirm it is up.
var app = require('express')();
var http = require('http').Server(app);
var mysql = require('mysql');
var bodyParser = require("body-parser");
app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: false }));
app.use(bodyParser.json());
var db_config = { host : 'localhost', user : 'your_db_username', password : 'your_db_password', database : 'your_databse_name',};
var connection = mysql.createConnection(db_config);
app.get('/api/database/status',function(req,res){
var retvalSettingValue = "?";
connection.query('SELECT SettingValue FROM your_status_table WHERE SettingKey =\'DatabaseStatus\'', function(err, rows, fields) {
if (err) {
var data = { "Time":"", "DatabaseStatus":"" };
data["Time"] = (new Date()).getTime();
data["DatabaseStatus"] = "Down";
res.json(data);
} else {
var dbretval = rows[0].SettingValue;
if (dbretval == 1 ) {
var data = { "Time":"", "DatabaseStatus":"" };
data["Time"] = (new Date()).getTime();
data["DatabaseStatus"] = "Up";
res.json(data);
} else {
var data = { "Time":"", "DatabaseStatus":"" };
data["Time"] = (new Date()).getTime();
data["DatabaseStatus"] = "Down";
res.json(data);
}
}
});
http.listen(3000,function(){
console.log("Connected & Listen to port 3000 at /api ..");
});
This should return the following JSON data.
{"Time":1440835363892,"DatabaseStatus":"Up"}
The problem for me with the code above was that MySQL kept disconnecting after a few days. Adjusting timeouts, setting up keep alive cron jobs failed to keep the connection up. I then tried introducing the following code solve the disconnected MySQL connection.
function handleDisconnect() {
console.log('handleDisconnect()');
connection.destroy();
connection = mysql.createConnection(db_config);
connection.connect(function(err) {
if(err) {
console.log(' Error when connecting to db (DBERR001):', err);
setTimeout(handleDisconnect, 1000);
}
});
}
I added the following before and connection.query in existing code.
connection.connect(function(err) {
if(err) {
console.log('Connection is asleep (time to wake it up): ', err);
setTimeout(handleDisconnect, 1000);
handleDisconnect();
}
});
I ended up swapping over to using pooled MySQL connections and this code has been working for days. Pooled connections reserves a number of connections ready for use in the background. You simply ask for a connection and when you are done you release it. The pooled connection closes and refreshed the connection and puts it at the end of the queue.
var app = require('express')();
var http = require('http').Server(app);
var mysql = require('mysql');
var bodyParser = require("body-parser");
app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: false }));
app.use(bodyParser.json());
var mysql_pool = mysql.createPool({
connectionLimit : 100,
host : 'localhost',
user : 'your_database_user',
password : 'your_database_password',
database : 'your_database'
});
app.get('/api/database/status',function(req,res) {
console.log('API CALL: /api/database/status');
var retvalSettingValue = "?";
mysql_pool.getConnection(function(err, connection) {
if (err) {
connection.release();
console.log(' Error getting mysql_pool connection: ' + err);
throw err;
}
connection.query('SELECT SettingValue FROM your_database_table WHERE SettingKey =\'DatabaseStatus\'', function(err2, rows, fields) {
if (err2) {
var data = { "Time":"", "DatabaseStatus":"" };
data["Time"] = (new Date()).getTime();
data["DatabaseStatus"] = "Down";
res.json(data);
} else {
var dbretval = rows[0].SettingValue;
if (dbretval == 1 ) {
var data = { "Time":"", "DatabaseStatus":"" };
data["Time"] = (new Date()).getTime();
data["DatabaseStatus"] = "Up";
res.json(data);
} else {
var data = { "Time":"", "DatabaseStatus":"" };
data["Time"] = (new Date()).getTime();
data["DatabaseStatus"] = "Down";
res.json(data);
}
}
console.log(' mysql_pool.release()');
connection.release();
});
});
});
http.listen(3000,function(){
console.log("Connected & Listen to port 3000 at /api ..");
});
Throughput
To test the connections/throughput it’s time to fire up more than 100 connections using siege over 60 seconds. I am using HTTPS connections so his would slow down the throughput a fair bit (but I am sticking with HTTPS for customer security/privacy). Read my guide here on adding a A+ level SSL cert to a digital ocean VM.
#!/bin/bash free -m siege -b -c1 -t1M https://yourserver.com/api/database/status cat /var/log/siege.log free -m
Here are the results from a siege single client hitting the NodeJS/pooled connections for 60 seconds. I am able to get about 6,150 database reads in 60 seconds with no dropped connections.
[email protected]:/home/scripts# bash _Benchmark.sh n total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 2001 1784 217 53 186 980 -/+ buffers/cache: 617 1384 Swap: 4095 0 4095 ** SIEGE 3.0.5 ** Preparing 1 concurrent users for battle. The server is now under siege... Lifting the server siege... done. Transactions: 6150 hits Availability: 100.00 % Elapsed time: 59.69 secs Data transferred: 0.26 MB Response time: 0.01 secs Transaction rate: 103.03 trans/sec Throughput: 0.00 MB/sec Concurrency: 0.97 Successful transactions: 6150 Failed transactions: 0 Longest transaction: 0.05 Shortest transaction: 0.00 FILE: /var/log/siege.log You can disable this annoying message by editing the .siegerc file in your home directory; change the directive 'show-logfile' to false. Date & Time, Trans, Elap Time, Data Trans, Resp Time, Trans Rate, Throughput, Concurrent, OKAY, Failed 2015-08-29 04:18:35, 6150, 59.69, 0, 0.01, 103.03, 0.00, 0.97, 6150, 0 total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 2001 1806 195 53 186 981 -/+ buffers/cache: 638 1363 Swap: 4095 0 4095
2 siege clients hitting the server delivers 8,120 database reads with 0 dropped connections.
Date & Time, Trans, Elap Time, Data Trans, Resp Time, Trans Rate, Throughput, Concurrent, OKAY, Failed 2015-08-29 04:25:13, 8120, 59.83, 0, 0.01, 135.72, 0.00, 1.96, 8120, 0
10 siege clients hitting the server delivers 16,383 database reads with 0 dropped connections.
Date & Time, Trans, Elap Time, Data Trans, Resp Time, Trans Rate, Throughput, Concurrent, OKAY, Failed 2015-08-29 04:29:50, 16383, 59.51, 0, 0.04, 275.30, 0.00, 9.86, 16383, 0
20 siege clients hitting the server delivers 15440 database reads with 0 dropped connections. This looks like the max the server can handle (257 delivered requests a second (19.7 concurrent connections)).
Date & Time, Trans, Elap Time, Data Trans, Resp Time, Trans Rate, Throughput, Concurrent, OKAY, Failed 2015-08-29 04:33:06, 15440, 59.93, 0, 0.08, 257.63, 0.00, 19.77, 15440, 0
My SQL, Linux Memory and Cache tweaks
I have tweaked my stock MySQL config a bit (changed values below)
# # The MySQL database server configuration file. # ... [mysqld] ... key_buffer = 32M key_buffer_size = 32M max_allowed_packet = 16M max-connect-errors = 1000000 #max_connections = 100 max-connections = 500 thread_stack = 256K thread_cache_size = 8 myisam-recover = FORCE,BACKUP #table_cache = 64 #thread_concurrency = 10 ... query_cache_limit = 1M query_cache_size = 0 ... expire_logs_days = 10 max_binlog_size = 100M ... # CACHES AND LIMITS # tmp-table-size = 32M max-heap-table-size = 32M thread-cache-size = 50 open-files-limit = 65535 # table-definition-cache = 1024 # table-open-cache = 2048 ..
Some may notice a 20mb memory jump in memory usage after I benchmarked, I have set my ubuntu to use as much memory as possible and not release too soon. I also have a 4GB swap file (that is ready in reserve but not used much).
- swappiness this control is used to define how aggressively the kernel swaps out anonymous memory relative to pagecache and other caches. Increasing the value increases the amount of swapping. The default value is 60.
- vfs_cache_pressure this variable controls the tendency of the kernel to reclaim the memory which is used for caching of VFS caches, versus pagecache and swap. Increasing this value increases the rate at which VFS caches are reclaimed.
/etc/sysctl.conf
vm.swappiness = 10 vm.vfs_cache_pressure = 50 vm.min_free_kbytes= 131072
Tips on setting linux cache usage and snappiness here.
More performance tweaks here: https://gist.github.com/dakull/5629740
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